饮酒风险和乙醛脱氢酶2基因多态性对认知功能的影响  

The effects of drinking risk and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene polymorphism on cognitive function

作　　者：汪维 王冉[1] 于鲁璐[1] 王岚[1] 宋美[1] 高媛媛[1] 赵晓川[1] 姚绍敏[1] 王学义[1] Wang Wei;Wang Ran;Yu Lulu;Wang Lan;Song Mei;Gao Yuanyuan;Zhao Xiaochuan;Yao Shaomin;Wang Xueyi(Department of Psychiatry,the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University,Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第一医院精神卫生科,河北医科大学精神卫生研究所,河北省脑老化与认知神经科学重点实验室,石家庄050031

出　　处：《神经疾病与精神卫生》2022年第4期258-264,共7页Journal of Neuroscience and Mental Health

基　　金：河北省重大医学科研项目(ZD2013085);河北省引进国外智力项目(YZ201801)

摘　　要：目的探讨高或低饮酒风险人群乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因多态性对认知功能的影响。方法于2016年4—12月调查河北省石家庄市藁城区4个镇、10个单位以及在藁城人民医院参与入职体检的饮酒人群,根据WHO推荐使用的酒精使用障碍筛查量表(AUDIT)将1114名受试者分为高风险饮酒组(AUDIT评分≥8分,n=509)与低风险饮酒组(AUDIT评分<8分,n=605)。在两组中各随机抽取200个血标本提取DNA进行ALDH2基因多态性rs671位点分析。采用简易视觉空间记忆测验(BVMT-R)、霍普金斯词汇学习测验(HVLT-R)、数字符号测验(SDMT)和数字广度测试(DS)评估两组的认知功能状况。结果高风险饮酒组的HVLT-R评分总分、2试评分及SDMT评分[分别为(22.53±5.54)、(7.75±2.25)、(52.33±14.16)分]均低于低风险饮酒组[分别为(24.10±5.44)、(8.37±2.00)、(55.91±13.07)分],差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);高风险饮酒组的野生纯合基因型(GG)比例高于低风险饮酒组,差异有统计学意义[86.67%(169/195)比64.13%(118/184),P<0.05];饮酒组和基因型在BVMT-R评分总分和2试、3试评分方面存在交互作用(P<0.05);低风险饮酒者的认知功能与rs671基因多态性相关,其中GG受试者的HVLT-R总分和2试、3试评分及BVMT-R总分和2试、3试评分[分别为(24.70±5.68)、(8.58±2.26)、(9.65±2.09)、(26.51±7.03)、(9.37±2.78)、(10.70±2.12)分]高于突变杂合型(GA)及突变纯合型(AA)受试者[分别为(23.03±4.83)、(7.98±1.83)、(9.12±1.90)、(24.30±6.52)、(8.65±2.43)、(10.00±2.35)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高风险饮酒与学习记忆和有关信息处理速度下降有关,低风险饮酒者的认知功能与ALDH2基因多态性存在关联性,突变型ALDH2基因携带者的词语学习记忆和视觉学习功能损害显著。Objective To explore the effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)gene polymorphism on cognitive function in people with high or low drinking risk.Methods From April to December 2016,the drinking population from 10 units in 4 towns in Gaocheng District,Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province and who have participated in the entry physical examination in Gaocheng People's Hospital were investigated.According to the WHO Recommended Alcohol Use Disorder Screening Scale(AUDIT),1114 subjects were divided into two groups:high-risk drinking group(AUDIT score≥8 points,n=509)and low-risk drinking group(AUDIT score<8 points,n=605).DNA was extracted from 200 blood samples randomly from each group for rs671 locus of ALDH2 gene polymorphism analysis.The cognitive function status of the two groups was analyzed using the Simple Visual Spatial Memory Test(BVMT-R),the Hopkins Vocabulary Learning Test(HVLT-R),the Digital Sign Test(SDMT),and the Digital Breadth Test(DS).Results The total score of HVLT-R,the score of 2nd test and the score of SDMT of the high-risk drinking group[(22.53±5.54),(7.75±2.25),(52.33±14.16),respectively]were all lower than those of the low-risk drinking group[(24.10±5.44),(8.37±2.00),(55.91±13.07),respectively](P<0.05).The wild homozygous GG genotype ratio of the high-risk drinking group was higher than that of the low-risk drinking group[86.67%(169/195)vs.64.13%(118/184),P<0.05].The drinking group and genotype have interactions in the BVMT-R total score,score of the second tests,and score of the third tests(P<0.05).The cognitive function of the low-risk drinkers was related with the rs671 gene polymorphism,in which the total HVLT-R score and the scores of test 2 and test 3,and the total BVMT-R score and the scores of test 2 and test 3 of the GG(wild homozygous)subjects[(24.70±5.68),(8.58±2.26),(9.65±2.09),(26.51±7.03),(9.37±2.78),(10.70±2.12),respectively]were higher than those of the GA and AA subjects[(23.03±4.83),(7.98±1.83),(9.12±1.90),(24.30±6.52),(8.65±2.43),(10.00±2.35),respectively].Conclu

关 键 词：饮酒风险人群 ALDH2基因 基因多态性 认知功能 

分 类 号：R749.62[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]