河南省65岁及以上老年人群阿尔兹海默病现状及影响因素  

Current situation and influencing factors of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly aged 65 and above in Henan Province

作　　者：王海岭[1] 姚丰菊[1] 郭正军 王玉杰[1] 董娇[1] 王志敏[1] 王传升[1] 宋景贵[1] WANG Hai-ling;YAO Feng-ju;GUO Zheng-jun;WANG Yu-jie;DONG Jiao;WANG Zhi-min;WANG Chuan-sheng;SONG Jing-gui(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第二附属医院(河南省精神卫生中心),河南新乡453002

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第8期1356-1360,1369,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20200531)。

摘　　要：目的 研究河南省65岁及以上老年人群阿尔兹海默病患病现状及影响因素,探索新的干预方式。方法 随机多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取老年人群,采用自编问卷收集其基本信息,利用简明社区阿尔兹海默病筛查量表-老人测试部分和Alzheimer disease(AD8)问卷筛查疑似人群,再由临床医师作出诊断,影响因素分析采用logistic回归分析。结果本次调查有效问卷7 326例。共发现老年阿尔兹海默病患者443例,老年阿尔兹海默病患病率6.05%,通过logistic回归分析,发现年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入水平、健康状况、业余爱好等因素对阿尔兹海默病患病有影响(P<0.05),其中年龄当中,相对于≥80岁人群,65~69岁(χ^(2)=18.585,P<0.01)、70~79岁(χ^(2)=13.183,P<0.01)是老年阿尔兹海默病的保护性因素,且随着年龄增长有减弱趋势;健康状况中,相对于认为自身健康问题较差的,健康(χ^(2)=13.906,P<0.01)是老年阿尔兹海默病的保护性因素;爱好数量可以多选。经过分析得出,相对于爱好数量大于等于2项,爱好数量为1项(χ^(2)=4.051,P<0.05)和0项(χ^(2)=9.118,P<0.01)为老年阿尔兹海默病的危险性因素,且0项OR值(1.781)大于1项的(1.259)。结论 河南省65岁及以上老年人群阿尔兹海默病患病情况不容乐观,其影响因素复杂多样,在干预过程中,各地应根据本地区具体情况作出针对性措施。Objective To study the current status and influencing factors of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) in the elderly population aged 65 years and above in Henan Province, and to explore new intervention methods. Methods Random multistage stratified whole-group sampling method was used to select the elderly population, the basic information was collected by self-administered questionnaire, and the suspected population was screened by the Brief Community Alzheimer ’s Disease Screening Scale-Elderly Test and Alzheimer’s disease(AD8) questionnaire, and then the diagnosis was made by clinicians.Results There were 7 326 valid questionnaires in this survey. A total of 443 patients with senile AD were found in this survey, and the prevalence of senile AD was 6.05%. Through logistic regression analysis, it was found that age, education level, family monthly income level, health status, hobbies and other factors had an impact on the disease of AD(P<0.05).Among them, compared with the age group ≥80 years old, age groups of 65-69 years(χ^(2)=18.585, P<0.01) and 70-79 years(χ^(2)=13.183, P<0.01) were protective factors of senile AD and tended to decrease with age. In terms of health status, health(χ^(2)=13.906, P<0.01) was a protective factor for AD compared with poor health status. Compared with multiple hobbies(≥2),one hobby(χ^(2)=4.051, P<0.05) and 0 hobby(χ^(2)=9.118, P<0.01) were risk factors of senile AD, and the OR value of 0 hobby(1.781) was greater than one hobby(1.259). Conclusion The situation of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly population aged65 years and above in Henan Province is not optimistic, and its influencing factors are complex and diverse. Targeted interventional measures should be taken accordingly.

关 键 词：老年阿尔兹海默病 现状 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]