酸、碱和盐处理对柞蚕丝素短纤维制备率和形貌特征的影响  

Effects of Acid,Alkali and Salt Treatments on the Preparation Rate and Morphological Characteristics of Tussah Silk Short Fibers

作　　者：陈文凯 王新 林碧敏 钟杨生[1] 林健荣[1] 陈芳艳[1] CHEN Wenkai;WANG Xin;LIN Bimin;ZHONG Yangsheng;LIN Jianrong;CHEN Fangyan(College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Center of Experimental Teaching for Common Basic Courses,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学公共基础课实验教学中心,广东广州510642

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2022年第3期143-150,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2019KJ124);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020225005)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选适宜方法制备柞蚕丝素短纤维,为开发新型生物材料提供更多选择。【方法】利用HCl、NaOH、FeCl_(3)溶剂水解柞蚕丝素,探究溶剂浓度、水解时间、水解温度对短纤维制备率的影响,通过倒置显微镜观察短纤维的形貌和结构特征。【结果】HCl、NaOH和FeCl_(3)溶剂制备的柞蚕丝素短纤维得率分别为26.5%、23.56%和21.8%,3种方法所得短纤维制备率相近;观察3种柞蚕丝素短纤维的形态特征,FeCl_(3)水解法制备的短纤维颜色较深,呈细长短杆状,长短不一,两端切口为平面或斜面;NaOH水解法制备的短纤维颜色较浅且透明,呈无规则片状;HCl水解法制备的短纤维表观形貌较优,呈细长短杆状,颜色较浅,表面较为光滑,两端切口平整,长度较整齐,主要分布在50~125μm之间(占比52.68%)。【结论】HCl水解法制备柞蚕丝素短纤维的工艺条件为:HCl浓度3 mol/L、水解时间40 min、水解温度90℃,水解条件较为温和,所得短纤维较为理想,可为开发生物材料提供一种新的载体。【Objective】The study was conducted to screen suitable methods for preparing tussah silk short fibers to provide more options for the development of new biomaterials.【Method】Tussah silk fibroin was dissolved by HCl, NaOH and FeCl_(3). The effects of solvent concentration, hydrolysis time and hydrolysis temperature on the preparation rate of tussah silk short fibers were investigated. The morphological and structural characteristics of tussah silk short fibers were observed by the inverted microscope.【Result】The preparation rates of tussah short fibers prepared by HCl, NaOH and FeCl_(3)solvents were 26.5%, 23.56% and 21.8%, respectively. There was little difference in the preparation rate of short fibers with the three methods. The morphological characteristics of three kinds of tussah short fibers were observed. The ones prepared by FeCl_(3)hydrolysis were short rod-shaped with flat or bevel cut at both ends, with different lengths, which were darker than the others. The ones prepared by NaOH hydrolysis was lighter in color and transparent, in the form of irregular flakes. The ones prepared by HCl hydrolysis had a better morphology with the shape of short slender rods, lighter color, a smoother surface and flat cuts on both sides, and the lengths of the short fibers were mainly ranged from 50 to 125 μm(accounting for 52.68%).【Conclusion】The process conditions for the preparation of tussah silk short fibers by HCl hydrolysis were: HCl concentration 3 mol/L, hydrolysis time 40 min, hydrolysis temperature 90℃. The hydrolysis conditions were mild, and the tussah silk short fibers processed by HCl method were relatively ideal, which could provide a new carrier for the development of biomaterials.

关 键 词：柞蚕丝素 短纤维 酸水解 制备率 形貌结构 

分 类 号：S886.7[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] TS102.331[农业科学—畜牧兽医]