商人外交视野下的厦门公民会与海后滩案(1921~1922)  

The Xiamen Citizens’ Association and the Case of Haihou Beach in the Diplomatic Perspective of Businessmen(1921~1922)

作　　者：彭艳华 李家鑫 Peng Yanhua;Li Jiaxin

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350007 [2]西南民族大学旅游与历史文化学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《闽台文化研究》2022年第1期14-21,共8页Fujian-Taiwan Cultural Research

摘　　要：1921年5月,太古洋行在厦门海后滩修建栈桥码头,触发中英主权争端,引发海后滩案。以商人势力为主导的厦门公民会不仅指派代表赴京请愿,还发起抵制太古洋行业务运动。英国政府不予交涉的强硬态度,遂致该团体抗争陷入困境,其继而鼓动舆论将抵制运动扩展至上海、汕头、南洋地区。缘此,太古洋行闽粤至南洋地区经济利益受损,甚至波及中英外交局势。1922年10月,迫于时局中英两国政府达成海后滩照例纳租协定。巴黎和会外交失败,五四时期国民外交运动热情渐趋高涨。商人群体通过请愿、经济绝交等方式,弥补了政府外交不足,在保卫国家利权的中外交涉中作用显著。Butterfield & Swire’s buliding of a pier in Haihou Beach,Xiamen in May 1921 resultedin a sovereignty dispute between China and Britain,i.e.the case of Haihou Beach.The Xiamen Citizens’ Association,led by businessmen,not only appointed representatives to petition in Beijing,but also launched a campaign to boycott Butterfield & Swire business.The British government refused to negotiate,so the group,bogged down in its struggle,encouraged public opinion to extend the boycott movement to Shanghai,Shantou,and Southeast Asia.As a result,the economic interests of Butterfield & Swire in the Fujian-Guangdong-Southeast Asia region were damaged,even affecting the Sino-British diplomatic situation.Forced by the situation,the Chinese and British governments reached an agreement on renting the beach.Diplomacy failed at the Paris Peace Conference,and the enthusiasm of the civil diplomatic movement gradually increased during the May Fourth Movement.Merchant groups made up for the lack of government diplomacy through petitions and economic boycott,and played a significant role in China’s diplomatic negotiations to defend national sovereignty.

关 键 词：租界 太古洋行 商人 国民外交 厦门公民会 

分 类 号：K261[历史地理—历史学] D829[历史地理—中国史]