毒品再犯与认罪认罚因素并存的量刑问题研究  

A Study on the Sentencing Problem of the Coexistence of Drug Recidivism and Admit Guilt and Accept Punishment

作　　者：郑自飞 ZHENG Zifei(Law School,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学法学院,四川成都610106

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期1-9,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“认罪认罚从宽制度的刑法应对研究”(20AFX012);国家毒品问题治理研究中心研究项目“认罪认罚与毒品再犯的量刑逆向竞合研究”(DR(2019)Y009)。

摘　　要：毒品再犯与认罪认罚并存情形下如何协调适用,影响犯罪人的实体刑事责任承担,事关罪责刑相适应原则的个案落实,关系宽严相济刑事政策的体现,是当前量刑过程中亟待解决的现实问题。毒品再犯制度旨在“从严”判定特殊预防刑,认罪认罚旨在“从宽”调节特殊预防刑,二者并存属于犯罪特殊预防维度内的“逆向竞合”,应坚持“先严后宽”的处理思路。这有利于保证认罪认罚从宽裁量特殊预防刑的功能发挥和弱化重刑主义的价值误区,也符合人身危险性动态变动发展的规律。首先,根据犯罪人的犯罪法益侵害程度和罪责程度确定基准刑;其次,在规范和实践两个维度中明确毒品再犯“从重”和认罪认罚“从宽”的幅度,合理确定其对应刑量;再次,以基准刑和法定刑上限为裁量空间,确定毒品再犯“从重”处罚后的刑罚量;最后,在前述刑罚量的基础上根据认罪认罚情况考虑“从宽”刑罚量。如果结合认罪认罚情节判定犯罪人预防必要性降低但仍有必要,则可以考虑“减轻”处罚;如果结合认罪认罚等从宽情节综合判定犯罪人已经丧失预防必要性,则可以免除处罚。How to coordinate the application in the coexistence of drug recidivism and confession and punishment is the urgent issue to be solved in the current sentencing process because it affects the offender’s substantive criminal responsibility,the implementation of the principle of adapting the crime to responsibility and punishment in individual cases,and the embodiment of the criminal policy of combining leniency.Drug recidivism system aims at judging the special preventive punishment strictly,while pleading guilty and admitting punishment aims at adjusting the special preventive punishment leniently.The coexistence of these two belongs to the “reverse competition and cooperation” within the dimension of special crime prevention,and we should stick to the idea of “being strict initially and then lenient later”.This is conducive to ensuring the function of leniency and special preventive punishment for leniency and punishment,and weakening the value misunderstanding of severe punishment,and it is also in line with the law of dynamic changes and development of personal danger.First,the benchmark sentence is determined according to the criminal’s degree of criminal legal interests and the degree of culpability;secondly,in the two dimensions of norms and practices,clarify the scope of “heavier” and “leniency” for re-offending drugs shall be clarified and reasonably determined the corresponding sentence;thirdly,the benchmark penalty and the statutory penalty upper limit are used as the discretionary space to determine the penalty amount after the “heavier” penalty for re-offending drugs;finally,on the basis of the aforementioned penalty amount,the “leniency” penalty amount is considered according to the circumstances of the guilty plea.If combined with the circumstances of pleading guilt and accepting punishment,it is determined that the offender’s necessity of prevention is reduced but still necessary,and then a “mitigated” punishment can be considered.If it is comprehensively judged th

关 键 词：认罪认罚 毒品再犯 量刑 人身危险性 特殊预防刑 先严后宽 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]