中草药添加剂对西门塔尔牛生产性能和隐性乳房炎的影响  

Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives on Performance and Subclinical Mastitis of Simmental Cattle

作　　者：买买提·克玉木[1] 袁理星[1] 崔繁荣 闫向民[1] 马桢[1] Maimaiti Keyumu;YUAN Lixing;CUI Fanrong;YAN Xiangmin;MA Zhen(Institute of Animal Husbandry,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry,Urumqi Xinjiang 830057)

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830099

出　　处：《中国乳业》2022年第4期28-33,共6页China Dairy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1100610)。

摘　　要：为了解中草药添加剂对泌乳后期奶牛产奶量、乳品质和隐性乳房炎的影响。本试验随机挑选了32头产奶量、体况评分、采食量、胎次、体重等指标相似的西门塔尔牛,试验分为4组,在基础日粮基础上分别添加0 g/头·d(对照组)、100 g/头·d(低剂量组)、200 g/头·d(中剂量组)、300 g/头·d(高剂量组)中草药添加剂,预试期3 d,正试期42 d。结果表明,连续饲喂3周,低剂量组和对照组产奶量差异不显著,从第4周开始,低、中、高剂量组产奶量分别显著增加,第4周产奶量比对照组分别提高了6.90%、9.92%、9.07%(P<0.05),第5周产奶量分别提高了9.29%、13.27%、11.17%(P<0.05),第6周分别提高了19.94%、27.25%、25.56(P<0.05),体细胞平均数分别显著下降了37.77%、62.56%和68.40%(P<0.05),隐性乳房炎发病率分别下降了33.33%、50.00%和66.67%,但试验组和对照组的乳蛋白率、乳糖含量差异不显著,高剂量组比对照组乳脂率显著提高了7.29%(P<0.05)。得出结论,中草药添加剂可以减缓泌乳后期西门塔尔牛产奶量降低速度,降低隐性乳房炎发病率,提高乳房健康程度,但对乳品质变化影响相对较小。To understand the effects of Chinese herbal medicine additives on milk yield, milk quality and subclinical mastitis of dairy cows in late lactation. 32 Simmental cattle with similar milk yield,body condition score,feed intake,parity and body weight were randomly selected in this experiment. The experiment was divided into 4 groups. On the basis of basic diet,0 g/head·d(control group),100 g/head·d(low dose group),200 g/head·d(medium dose group)and 300 g/head·d(high dose group)Chinese herbal medicine additives were added respectively. The pre-trial period was 3 days and the pilot period was 42 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in milk yield between the low dose group and the control group after continuous feeding for 3 weeks. From the 4th week, the milk yield of the low,medium and high dose groups increased significantly,the milk yield in the 4th week increased by 6.90%,9.92% and 9.07% respectively(P<0.05),the milk yield in the 5th week increased by 9.29%,13.27% and 11.17% respectively(P<0.05),and the milk yield in the 6th week increased by 19.94%,27.25% and 25.56(P<0.05),somatic cell counts decreased significantly by 37.77%,62.56% and 68.40%(P<0.05),while the incidence rate of subclinical mastitis decreased by 33.33%,50% and 66.67%,but the milk protein rate and lactose content in the experimental group and the control group were not significantly different. The breast fat percentage in the high-dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). It was concluded that Chinese herbal medicine additives can slow down the rate of breast milk production,reduce the incidence rate of subclinical mastitis and improve the health of breast in late lactation,but have little effect on the change of milk quality.

关 键 词：中草药添加剂 西门塔尔牛 产奶量 乳品质 隐性乳房炎 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]