3种兰科植物种子非共生萌发成苗比较  

Comparative study on seedling establishment of three orchid plants via asymbiotic germination

作　　者：张娜[1] 曹小勇[1,2] 胡选萍[1,2] 秦公伟[1,2] 王思蕲 赵垚 ZHANG Na;CAO Xiao-yong;HU Xuan-ping;QIN Gong-wei;WANG Si-qi;ZHAO Yao(School of Bioscience and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bio-resource,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西省资源生物重点实验室,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《陕西理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期66-71,共6页Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目(18JS017)。

摘　　要：以白及、杜鹃兰、建兰种子为离体培养材料,比较三者非共生萌发及成苗过程。结果表明:3种兰科植物成苗过程存在明显差异;白及种胚膨大成原球茎后上端形成叶片,随后形成根直接成苗;杜鹃兰的原球茎先形成根状茎,顶端分化出叶芽,叶基部长出根发育成苗;建兰萌发形成根状茎后持续增殖,需改变培养基激素,才可分化成苗;建兰根状茎与杜鹃兰的明显不同,具有向地性,且杜鹃兰的根状茎仅能进行有限分支并形成休眠芽。结论:兰科植物种子非共生萌发成苗可区分为3种模式,白及是绝大多数兰科种子非共生萌发成苗的模式。The seeds of Bletilla striata,Cremastra appendiculata,and Cymbidium ensifolium used as material were cultured in vitro to compare the asymbiotic germination and seedling establishment of the three species.The results showed that there are obvious differences in the seedling establishment of the three orchids;Seed embryo of B.striata swelled into protocorms and leaves formed at the anterior end,then the roots and seedlings established directly;the protocorms of C.appendiculata form rhizomes first,the buds differentiate at the anterior end,roots develop at the base of the leaves and seedlings form;the rhizomes of C.ensifolium formed after seed germination,and proliferated continuously,and it can differentiate into seedlings unless hormones changed in the medium;the rhizome of C.ensifolium is obviously different from that of C.appendiculata,the former has geotropism and the latter can only generate limited branches and then form dormant buds.Conclusion:the asymbiotic germination of orchid seeds and seedling establishment can be divided into three modes.The manner of B.striata is the mode of most orchid plants.

关 键 词：兰科植物 种子 非共生萌发 原球茎 根状茎 成苗 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]