高速地铁通过隧道车外压力波研究  

Study on the pressure wave outside high-speed subway passing through a tunnel

作　　者：陈大伟 丁叁叁 宋军浩 姚拴宝 CHEN Dawei;DING Sansan;SONG Junhao;YAO Shuanbao(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2022年第2期88-93,I0002,共7页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB1200504-F);中国中车股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2020CCB152,2020CYB110)。

摘　　要：地铁列车通过隧道时产生的压力波会对列车运行的安全性、乘客乘坐的舒适性等产生不良影响。为了研究地铁列车在隧道内运行时车外压力波动变化规律,本文基于三维可压缩非定常Navier-Stokes方程对地铁列车由明线驶入隧道产生的隧道压力波进行了数值模拟,归纳了列车速度、隧道断面积、列车编组长度、隧道长度及入口缓冲结构对列车不同位置压力波动幅值变化的影响。结果表明:车外压力波幅值按速度的2.6~2.9次方增长;随着隧道阻塞比增加,车外压力波幅值增大,但在隧道断面面积固定的情况下,断面形状对车外压力波的影响较弱;列车编组长度和隧道长度会造成车外压力波沿列车长度方向非单调分布,工程中应根据实际关心列车位置的压力波动进行优化设计;增加隧道缓冲结构能够抑制车外压力波的幅值。本文的研究结果可为高速地铁气密设计提供参考。Pressure waves generated by the underground train passing through a tunnel can cause bad effects on the safety of the train operation and the comfort of passengers. To understand the characteristics of pressure fluctuation outside underground trains passing through a tunnel, the three-dimensional unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations are employed in this study to simulate this dynamic process, and the influence on the pressure fluctuation amplitude outside the train by various factors, such as the train speed, blockage ratio of the tunnel, length of the train formation form, length and hood structures of the tunnel, is quantified. The results show that, the pressure fluctuation amplitude outside the train increases with the 2.6~2.9 power of the train speed. As the blockage ratio of the tunnel is increased, the pressure fluctuation amplitude is also increased, but such an effect by the cross-section shape of the tunnel is weak for a fixed cross-section area. The lengths of the train formation form and the tunnel can cause a non-monotonic distribution of pressure waves along the train,thus an optimization design is required targeting the pressure fluctuation level at certain locations of the train. It is noticed that the tunnel hood can suppress the pressure fluctuation outside the train. Overall, the present study can provide guidance for the airtight design of the high-speed subway.

关 键 词：高速地铁 压力波 阻塞比 列车编组形式 隧道长度 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]