代孕需求方生殖自主权实现的道德界限辨析  

Moral Boundaries of the Reproductive Autonomy of Intended Parent in Surrogacy

作　　者：梁立智[1,2] LIANG Li-zhi(School of Medical Humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学医学人文研究中心,北京100069

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2022年第4期1-4,共4页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2014年北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目(CIT&TCD201404191)。

摘　　要：辅助生殖技术的诞生,颠覆了人类的自然生殖模式,为不孕不育者提供了生殖选择的平等机会。从意志自由的视角看,代孕需求方具有生殖自主权。然而,生殖自主权不仅包含代孕需求方的尊严和意志自由内涵,还应包含对后代的养育责任内涵,体现生殖自主权与养育义务的结合。因此,基于保护后代利益原则,权衡尊重自主与不伤害原则,辨析代孕需求方在生殖动因、婚姻关系、养育能力以及与后代联系的道德界限;提出在医学动因的前提下夫精妻卵妊娠型代孕与其他类型代孕的根本区别是道德界限的内外之别。The birth of assisted reproductive technology has caused radical change of the natural reproduction mode of human beings and provided the infertile with equal opportunities in reproduction. Intended parent in surrogacy has reproductive autonomy in the view of freedom of will. Reproductive autonomy includes both the dignity and freedom of will of the intended parent, and the responsibility of offspring raising, a combination of reproductive autonomy and parenting obligations. Therefore, based on the principle of protecting the interests of offspring, as well as the principle of respect for autonomy and “do no harm”, this article analyzes the moral boundaries of the intended parent in reproductive motivation, marital relationship, parenting and kinship with descendants, and presents that the fundamental difference between the type of surrogacy with husband’s sperm and wife’s egg and other types of surrogacy is the inner and outer moral boundaries.

关 键 词：代孕 生殖自主权 代孕主体 道德界限 伦理学 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]