国际人权法视角下碳排放权问题与解决  

Problems and Solutions of Carbon Emission Rights from the Perspective of International Human Rights Law

作　　者：郭新政 GUO Xin-zheng(Human Rights Institute,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学人权研究院,重庆401120

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2022年第2期32-44,共13页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“人权话语的中国表达与体系建构”(20FFXB042)的阶段性成果;中国人权研究会2020年度部级研究课题“中国人权事业的目标治理模式研究”(CSHRS2020-13YB)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为既关乎国家生存发展又涉及国际分配正义的核心概念,碳排放权自提出以来就备受关注,关于其法律属性的争论,目前已形成用益物权说、环境权说等五种学说。伴随“逆全球化”思潮的影响,碳排放权实施在国际社会遭遇困境。各国间不仅缺乏基本的道德共识,还缺乏具有法律约束力的可行性机制,致使碳排放权分配方案执行迟缓。实际上,碳排放权具有天然的人权属性和人权价值指向。将碳排放问题置于国际人权法的多边规范标准和争议解决框架之下,有利于构建全球正义的碳排放分配方案和执行机制,推动并完善全球气候协同治理体系建设。Carbon emission rights are a central concept both for the survival and development of nations and for the major issue of international distributive justice.Since the concept of carbon emission rights was introduced,five theories have been developed regarding its legal status,including the usufruct and environmental rights theories.However,coupled with the influence of the“antiglobalization”trend,the issue of carbon emission rights has encountered severe practical dilemmas in the international community.Not only is there a lack of basic moral consensus among countries,but there is also a lack of legally binding and feasible mechanisms,resulting in a delay in the implementation of carbon emission rights allocation programs.In fact,carbon emission rights have natural human rights attributes and human rights value pointers.Therefore,only by placing carbon emission issues under the multilateral normative standards and dispute resolution framework of international human rights law can we build a global just carbon emission allocation scheme and implementation mechanism to promote the improvement of the global climate collaborative governance system.

关 键 词：碳排放 碳排放权 气候正义 人权属性 国际人权法 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学]