蒙古高原长时序生态系统质量综合评价及时空变化分析  

Comprehensive Evaluation and Spatial-Temporal Variation of Ecosystem Quality in the Mongolian Plateau Over Long Time Periods

作　　者：张惠婷 萨楚拉[1,2,3] 孟凡浩 罗敏 王牧兰 ZHANG Hui-ting;Sachula;MENG Fan-hao;LUO Min;WANG Mu-lan(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing&Geography Information System,Hohhot 010022,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Environment&Global Change,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古自治区蒙古高原环境与全球变化重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期266-273,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41861014);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2020BS03042,2020BS04009)。

摘　　要：基于遥感、基础地理信息和土地覆盖等数据,从生态系统的生产能力、稳定性、承载力三方面构建生态系统质量综合评价模型,对蒙古高原不同生态区生态系统质量的时空变化特征进行动态评价。结果表明:2001—2019年蒙古高原生态系统质量由东北向西南呈现递减的分布特征,均值为50.89,整体处于中等偏低水平。生产能力、稳定性、承载力的多年均值分别为35.92、70.48、53.58,蒙古高原生产能力水平较低。19年来,蒙古高原生态系统质量整体以0.48/a速率表现出改善趋势。生产能力和承载力水平分别提升了21.5%、28.4%,稳定性则以0.08/a速率呈微弱降低态势。森林区生态系统质量水平最佳,草原和荒漠生态区次之。其中,落叶林区生态系统质量上升最明显,增幅达40.3%,草甸草原区生态系统质量变化较小,增幅仅为4.4%。Based on the data from remote sensing,basic geographic information and land coverage,the study constructed a comprehensive evaluation model of ecosystem quality in terms of ecosystem productivity index,stability index and bearing capacity index to evaluate dynamically the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem quality in different ecological regions of the Mongolian plateau.The results showed that the quality of the Mongolian plateau ecosystem during 2001-2019 presented a decreasing characteristic in distribution from northeast to southwest with an average value of 50.89,a moderately low level overall.The averages of EPI,ESI and EBCI for multi-year were 35.92,70.48,and 53.58 respectively,indicative of the relatively low production capacity of the Mongolian Plateau.In the past 19 years,the overall quality of the Mongolian plateau ecosystem took an improving trend at a rate of 0.48/a,productivity and bearing capacity levels increased by 21.5%and 28.4%respectively,while stability decreased at a rate of 0.08/a.For different ecological regions,the ecosystem quality of the forest improved the most,followed by grassland and desert,among them,the ecosystem quality of deciduous forest most significantly changed,increased by 40.3%,while that of the meadow-steppe changed less,increased by only 4.4%.

关 键 词：蒙古高原 生态系统质量 生产能力 稳定性 承载力 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]