外泌体PD-L1在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的作用及应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Role of Exosomal PD-L1 in Immune Evation of Cancer Cells and Its Application

作　　者：王一 龚虹云[1] 何海花 宋启斌[1] WANG Yi;GONG Hong-yun;HE Hai-hua;SONG Qi-bin(Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《肿瘤学杂志》2022年第3期178-184,共7页Journal of Chinese Oncology

摘　　要：肿瘤细胞表面的PD-L1主要通过与其在T细胞上表达的受体PD-1结合来抑制T细胞的抗肿瘤活性,在肿瘤免疫逃逸中起着关键作用。PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂已成为抗肿瘤治疗的一大突破性进展,然而,免疫疗法的有效率仍然有限。因此仍需进一步探索PD-L1介导的免疫逃逸机制。PD-L1除了表达于肿瘤细胞表面外,还可存在于肿瘤细胞分泌的外泌体表面(exosomal PD-L1,ExoPD-L1),其与肿瘤细胞表面的PD-L1具有相同的膜拓扑结构,在抗肿瘤免疫应答中发挥着重要的调节作用。全文综述ExoPD-L1对局部和系统免疫反应的影响及促肿瘤生长等方面的研究成果,并讨论ExoPD-L1作为诊断和免疫治疗疗效、预后等预测因子的潜在意义,以及在临床上应用特异性外泌体合成抑制剂联合免疫治疗的新型治疗策略。PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells inhibits anti-cancer activity of T cell through binding its receptor PD-1 expressed on T cells,which plays a key role in cancer immune evation.PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have become a major breakthrough in anti-tumor therapy.However,its efficacy is still limited for some tumors.Therefore,it is still necessary to further explore the mechanism of PD-L1-mediated immune escape.PD-L1 is also expressed on the surface of exosomes secreted by tumor cells(exosomal PD-L1,ExoPD-L1),which has the similar topology of extracellular domain as its counterpart on cell surface and plays an important role in anti-tumor immune evation.In this article,we review the latest findings of the effects of ExoPD-L1 on local and systemic immune response,and its roles in promoting tumor growth,we also discuss the potential application of ExoPD-L1 in cancer diagnosis,evaluation of immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis,as well as a new therapeutic strategy of tumors that combines the inhibition of exosomal biogenesis and PD-L1 blockade.

关 键 词：外泌体PD-L1 肿瘤免疫逃逸 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R730.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]