考虑自然灾害等多因素的BWM-GIS城市医院选址  

Urban Hospital Site Selection Using BWM-GIS Considering Natural Disasters and Other Factors

作　　者：刘倩 高轩能[1] LIU Qian;GAO Xuanneng(College of Civil Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学土木工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期330-337,共8页Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278208);福建省科技计划重点项目(2018Y0063)。

摘　　要：为实现城市医疗资源合理配置,对城市现有医院位置进行科学性评估和对新建医院优化性选址.首先,应用ArcGIS软件构建泰森多边形,对现有医院的分布进行合理性评判,并考虑安全性、可达性和经济性等影响因素构建医院选址评价体系.其次,应用最优-最劣法(BWM)计算指标权重,并将其输入Spatial Analyst叠置分析中,根据加权线性组合(WLC)得到适宜新建医院的选址备选点.最后,采用BP神经网络算法对备选点进行比较,得出最优新建医院选址位置.研究结果表明:考虑自然灾害等多因素的医院选址模型优于仅以可达性为目标的选址模型,同时,也验证了该模型和算法在城市医院选址定量分析中的适用性和准确性.In order to rationally allocate urban medical resources,the location of existing urban hospitals is scientifically evaluated,and newly-built hospital site selection is optimized.Tyson polygon with ArcGIS software is constructed,the rationality of the distribution of existing hospitals is evaluated,and the hospital site selection evaluation system is established considering the influencing factors such as safety,accessibility and economy.The best-worst method(BWM) is used to calculate the index weights,which are put into Spatial Analyst overlay analysis.According to the weighted linear combination(WLC),the suitable candidate sites for newly-built hospitals site selection are obtained.The the candidate sites are compared by BP neural network algorithm,and the optimal location of newly-built hospital is obtained.The result shows that,the hospital site selection model considering natural disasters and other factors disasters is better than the location model only considering accessibility.The applicability and accuracy of the model and algorithm on the quantitative analysis of urban hospital site selection are verified.

关 键 词：城市医院 选址 自然灾害 适宜度 最优-最劣法 地理信息系统 BP神经网络 

分 类 号：TU984.14[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]