《黄帝内经》脏象学说的“天象”与“地象”  

‘Celestial manifestation’ and ‘earth manifestation’ in the theory of visceral manifestations from Huangdi Neijing

作　　者：赵琼 王轩 郑允彬 刘玮 ZHAO Qiong;WANG Xuan;ZHENG Yun-bin;LIU Wei(Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,China;Shaanxi Binzhou Chuanjing Tang,Binzhou 713500,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中医药大学,晋中030619 [2]陕西省彬州市传经堂,陕西彬州713500

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2021年第12期6959-6962,共4页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(No.201903D321228);山西省中医药科研课题项目(No.2020ZYYC018);山西省研究生教育创新项目(No.2020SY462);山西中医药大学研究生创新项目(No.2020CX003);山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(No.2020L0457)。

摘　　要：文章通过对《黄帝内经》脏象学说"十象"中的天象、地象的定义、作用进行论述,旨在阐明天象主司病因信息的传递,从而在预防疾病与观察病因中发挥重要作用;而地象负责传递病机信息,这是一个顺势思维,以培养快速反应、观象别脏、辨证施治的思维方式,这便是闻而知病、望而识病的基础理论。从对天象、地象的研究中可以看到,古人对因风湿寒热引发的慢性退行性疾病和慢性损伤性疾病的研究成果显著,其理论后人至今望其项背。在传染病学的研究上,对于病毒、病菌、肉眼看不到的原虫感染等因素,引发的温热病,古人认识到病气由空气传播,能以"风"解释,但对其病理却难以有足够的认知。所以,对于脏象学说中天象、地象的研究,应区别对待、理性思维,切忌深究术数。This paper discusses the definition and function of the celestial and earth manifestations in the ‘ten manifestations’ of the theory of visceral manifestations in Huangdi Neijing, aiming to clarify the transmission of the etiological information of the celestial images, so as to play an important role in the prevention of diseases and observation of the etiological factors. The ground image is responsible for the transmission of the pathogenesis of the information, which is a homeopathic thinking, in order to cultivate rapid response, observe the image to diagnose, syndrome differentiation and treatment of the way of thinking, this is the basic theory of a miracle-working who can smell to know the disease, look to recognize the disease. It can be seen from the study of the celestial and earth manifestations that the ancient people made remarkable achievements in the research of chronic degenerative diseases and chronic injurious diseases caused by rheumatic cold and heat, and their theories are expected to be second to them by later generations. In the study of infectious diseases, the ancient people realized that the fever caused by viruses, bacteria and protozoa infection that could not be seen by the naked eye was transmitted by the air and could be explained by ‘wind’, but they had difficulty in understanding its pathology. Therefore, for the study of celestial manifestation and earth manifestation in the theory of visceral manifestations, we should treat them differently, think rationally, and avoid the study of technical statistics.

关 键 词：脏象学说 十象八变 天象 地象 病因 病机 

分 类 号：R226[医药卫生—中医基础理论]