陇中半干旱区抗旱玉米品种筛选试验  

Screening Test of Drought-resistant Maize Varieties in Semi-arid Area of Central Gansu

作　　者：雷康宁 张绪成[1,2] 方彦杰 柳燕兰[1,2] 姜振东 侯慧芝[1,2] 王红丽 张国平 马一凡[1,2] 尹嘉德 LEI Kangning;ZHANG Xucheng;FANG Yanjie;LIU Yanlan;JIANG Zhendong;HOU Huizhi;ZHANG Guoping;MA Yifan;YIN Jiade(Institute of Dryland Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Province Key Laboratory of High Water Utilization on Dryland,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Gansu General Station of Plant Seed,Lanzhou Gansu 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省旱作区水资源高效利用重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省种子总站,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《甘肃农业科技》2022年第4期36-42,F0002,共8页Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省农业科技创新与推广项目(GNCX-2016-2);甘肃省科技计划项目-创新基地和人才计划(20JR10RA464)。

摘　　要：干旱是影响旱作区玉米产量的主要因素之一,而选择抗旱品种是保障玉米产量的有效措施。选取13个玉米品种在陇中半干旱区进行了抗旱玉米品种筛选试验,测定干旱胁迫和补灌条件下各玉米品种农艺性状、叶片整齐度、SPAD值、干物质积累量、水分利用效率、折合产量及其构成因素等指标,以产量为基准计算抗旱系数和抗旱指数,评价不同玉米品种的抗旱性。结果表明:中种8号、先玉335、晋单81号、吉祥1号抗旱指数高,分别为1.25、1.18、1.23、1.14,说明这4个品种抗旱能力较强,且在干旱胁迫后平均折合产量较高,分别为6682.35、6310.20、6438.40、6339.60 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种郑单958分别增产10.55%、6.51%、4.88%、4.39%,可作为适宜在陇中半干旱区种植的抗旱玉米品种在生产上加以推广应用。Drought is one of the main factors affecting maize yield in dry farming areas,and selecting drought-resistant varieties is an effective measure to ensure maize yield.13 maize varieties were selected to screen drought-resistant maize varieties in the Semi-arid Area of Central Gansu,and the agronomic traits,leaf uniformity,SPAD value,dry matter accumulation,water use efficiency,equivalent yield and its constituent factors were used as the benchmark to calculate the drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index to evaluate the drought resistance of different maize varieties.The results showed that Zhongzhong 8,Xianyu 335,Jindan 81 and Jixiang 1 had high drought resistance indix which was 1.25,1.18,1.23 and 1.14,respectively,indicating that these four varieties had strong drought resistance,and the average drought resistance after drought stress The equivalent yields were 6682.35,6310.20,6438.40,6339.60 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which were 10.55%,6.51%,4.88%,and 4.39%higher than that of the control variety Zhengdan 958,respectively.It can be popularized and applied in production as a drought-resistant maize variety suitable for planting in the Semi-arid Area of Central Gansu.

关 键 词：玉米 品种 抗旱指数 产量 抗旱性评价 筛选试验 陇中半干旱区 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]