西北传统木结构民居建筑火灾数值模拟研究  

Study on the Fire Numerical Simulation of Traditional Wood Structure Residential Buildings in Northwest China

作　　者：李鸿飞[1,2] 蔺慧媛 叶明晖 程骏[1] LI Hong-fei;LIN Hui-yuan;YE Ming-hui;CHENG Jun(School of Design and Art,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation of Ministry of Education(SEU-NWC),Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学设计艺术学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]城市与建筑遗产保护教育部重点实验室(东南大学-西北中心),甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2022年第4期236-240,458,共6页Computer Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51868043、52068046);甘肃省人文社会科学一般项目(20ZC13);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA167);大学生创新创业训练计划国家级项目(201910731024)。

摘　　要：针对当前传统聚落中木结构居民建筑火灾频发现象,尤其在预警环节缺失和扑救过程盲目等问题上缺少科学高效的应对措施,提出通过精确测绘保护对象与火灾数值模拟相结合的分析方法。将传统聚落中重点保护木结构建筑进行分类测绘,在获取基础数据上分析其结构特点和建筑材料性能,以西北地区具有代表性的青城古镇文物保护单位罗家大院为研究对象,通过火灾动力学仿真软件进行火灾动态数值模拟分析,掌握建筑空间中热释放速率、烟气扩散、温度场、能见度等传播规律,进而得出性能化防火设计策略。仿真结果表明,所采用方法可以真实预判传统村落木结构民居建筑火灾的发生与演变过程,为消防扑救提供有效应对策略,有利于传统木结构建筑保护工作。In view of the frequent occurrence of wood structure residential building fire in traditional settlements,especially the lack of scientific and efficient response measures in the early warning link and the blind fire fighting process, this paper puts forward the analysis method of combining accurate mapping protection object with fire numerical simulation. In this paper, the key protected wood structure buildings in traditional settlements were classified and mapped. Based on the basic data, the structural characteristics and building material performance were analyzed.Taking Luojia courtyard, a representative cultural relic protection unit of Qingcheng ancient town in Northwest China,as the research object, the fire dynamic numerical simulation analysis was carried out by fire dynamics simulation software to master the propagation laws of heat release rate, smoke diffusion, temperature field and visibility in building space, and then the performance-based fire protection design strategy was obtained. The simulation results show that the method can predict the occurrence and evolution process of traditional village wood structure residential building fire, and provide effective response strategies for fire fighting, which is conducive to the protection of traditional wood structure buildings.

关 键 词：木结构民居建筑 性能化设计 数值模拟 火灾蔓延 安全疏散 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程] TU241.5