不同性别竹丝鸡育肥期饲粮粗蛋白质需要量研究  

Study on Dietary Crude Protein Requirement of Different Genders of Silky Fowl during Fattening Phase

作　　者：范秋丽 蒋守群 汪汉华 阮栋 程忠刚 FAN Qiuli;JIANG Shouqun;WANG Hanhua;RUAN Dong;CHENG Zhonggang(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Wens Foodstuff Group Co.,Ltd.,Yunfu 527400,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,畜禽育种国家重点实验室,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]广东温氏食品集团有限公司,云浮527400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第4期2361-2373,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202090004);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31802104);广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515012412,2021A1515010830);广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(202106TD,R2019PY-QF008)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对不同性别竹丝鸡育肥期生长性能、胴体性状、机体粗蛋白质含量、肉品质、血清和肝脏生化指标的影响,为竹丝鸡粗蛋白质精准供给提供理论依据。将1950只46日龄竹丝鸡公鸡根据体重一致原则随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复65只,试验期20 d;将1950只57日龄竹丝鸡母鸡根据体重一致原则随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复65只,试验期17 d。5组公鸡和母鸡饲粮粗蛋白质水平依次为15%、16%、17%、18%和19%。结果显示:1)对于公鸡,饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比(P<0.05),且随着粗蛋白质水平的升高,平均日增重呈线性和二次曲线升高(P<0.05),料重比呈线性和二次曲线降低(P<0.05)。对于母鸡,饲粮粗蛋白质水平对末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比和成活率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)对于公鸡,饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响腹脂率(P<0.05),且腹脂率随粗蛋白质水平的升高呈线性和二次曲线降低(P<0.05)。对于母鸡,饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响半净膛率和全净膛率(P<0.05),且半净膛率和全净膛率随粗蛋白质水平的升高均呈线性和二次曲线降低(P<0.05)。3)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响公鸡和母鸡机体粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05),且公鸡机体粗蛋白质含量随粗蛋白质水平的升高呈线性和二次曲线升高(P<0.05)。4)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响母鸡胸肌滴水损失和腿肌谷氨酸含量(P<0.05),对胸肌pH和腿肌肌苷酸含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响公鸡血清尿素氮(UN)含量和母鸡血清还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量(P<0.05),且随着粗蛋白质水平的升高,公鸡血清UN含量呈线性和二次曲线升高(P<0.05),母鸡血清GSH含量呈线性和二次曲线降低(P<0.05)。6)母鸡肝脏氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量随粗蛋白质水平的升高呈线性升高(P<0.05)。�The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of crude protein on growth performance,carcass traits,body crude protein content,meat quality,serum and liver biochemical indices of different genders silky fowl during the fattening phase,to provide theoretical basis for crude protein accurate supply of silky fowl.One thousand nine hundred and fifty 46-day-old female silky fowl were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 65 chickens per replicate,and the experiment was lasted for 20 days.One thousand nine hundred and fifty 57-day-old male silky fowl were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 65 chickens per replicate,and the experiment was lasted for 17 days.The dietary crude protein levels of 5 groups in female and male were 15%,16%,17%,18%and 19%,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)for male chickens,the average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed/gain were significantly affected by dietary crude protein level(P<0.05),and the average daily gain increased linearly and quadratically with increasing dietary crude protein level(P<0.05),the feed/gain decreased linearly and quadratically with increasing dietary crude protein level(P<0.05).For female chickens,dietary crude protein level had no significant effects on the final body weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,feed/gain and survival rate(P>0.05).2)For male chickens,the abdominal fat rate was significantly affected by dietary crude protein level(P<0.05),and the abdominal fat rate decreased linearly and quadratically with increasing dietary crude protein level(P<0.05).For female chickens,the half-eviscerated rate and eviscerated rate were significantly affected by dietary crude protein level(P<0.05),and the half-eviscerated rate and eviscerated rate decreased linearly and quadratically with increasing dietary crude protein level(P<0.05).3)Dietary crude protein level significantly affected the body crude protein content in male and female chickens(P<0

关 键 词：竹丝鸡 粗蛋白质 需要量 生长性能 胴体性状 肉品质 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]