父母的“成绩焦虑”及其对家庭教育指导的启示--基于2019年全国家庭教育现状调查的分析  

Parents’“Achievement Anxiety”and Its Implications for Family Education Guidance--Analysis based on the Investigation of the 2019 National Famil y Education

作　　者：王东[1] WANG Dong

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中华家教》2022年第2期45-54,共10页The Family Education Of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“构建覆盖城乡的家庭教育指导服务体系研究”(20AZD074)的研究成果。

摘　　要：父母对孩子学习成绩的过度关注是不少家长产生成绩焦虑的主要原因。本文基于首都师范大学2019年开展的“全国家庭教育现状”调查数据,分析了当前父母“成绩焦虑”的主要表现及其影响因素。数据结果表明,父母的个体特征、孩子的个体特征、父母的教育观念、家庭人际关系以及区域等因素与父母“成绩焦虑”程度存在显著关联。因此,家庭教育指导工作需要从以下五个方面入手:(1)发挥学校在家庭教育指导中的优势,提高父母陪伴孩子成长的能力;(2)引导家长秉承“五育”并举的教育理念,关注孩子全面发展;(3)鼓励父母尊重孩子的主体性,重视孩子个性发展;(4)构建和谐的家庭人际关系,营造良好的家庭教育氛围;(5)结合区域差异和不同家庭个体特征,探索个性化的家庭教育指导服务方式方法。Parents’excessive concern for their children’s academic performance is the main reason for many parents’educational anxiety.Based on empirical data from the 2019 National Family Education Survey,this paper analyzes the main manifestations of parents’“achievement anxiety”and its influencing factors.The results show that parents’individual characteristics,children’s individual characteristics,parents’educational concepts,interpersonal relationships in the family,and region are all significantly associated with the degree of parents’“achievement anxiety”.Therefore,the following four areas should be given attention in family education guidance:(1)taking advantage of the school’s strengths in family education guidance to improve parents’ability to accompany their children’s growth;(2)guiding parents to follow the school’s goal of the“Education of Moral,Intellectual,Physical,Aesthetic and Labor Education”and pay attention to their children’s overall development;(3)encouraging parents to respect their children’s subjectivity and pay attention to their children’s personality development;(4)building harmonious interpersonal relationships in the family and creating a good atmosphere for family education;(4)providing personalized guidance services in conjunction with parents’needs and exploring a family education guidance service system with local characteristics based on regional differences.

关 键 词：成绩焦虑 家庭教育指导 学校指导责任 家庭教育 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]