低位直肠癌手术的几个关键问题  

Several Critical Issues of Low Rectal Cancer Surgery

作　　者：王俊 金黑鹰[1] WANG Jun;JIN Heiying(Department of Anorectal Surgery,Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine),Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省第二中医院肛肠中心(南京中医药大学第二附属医院),南京210017

出　　处：《肿瘤防治研究》2022年第4期288-293,共6页Cancer Research on Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：结直肠癌是全球癌症发生率位居前三的恶性肿瘤。随着医学技术的快速发展和全民肠癌筛查意识的强化,直肠癌很大程度上得到了及时的诊断和治疗。目前,保肛技术在低位直肠癌患者中的应用越来越普遍,吻合口漏和前切除综合征是低位直肠癌最常见的并发症,如何在保肛的同时降低并发症一直是国内外学者关心的问题。本文对术前充分评估肛门直肠功能和分期、合理的新辅助治疗、下切缘的安全距离、手术方式的选择和预防性造口的时机选择五个关键问题作一阐述,以期提高低位直肠癌术后患者的生存时间和生活质量。Colorectal cancer is one of the top three malignant tumors in the world.With the rapid development of medical technology and the strengthening of national awareness of cancer screening,rectal cancer has been diagnosed and treated timely.At present,the application of low rectal tumor preservation operation is becoming more and more common.Anastomotic leakage and anterior resection syndrome are the most common complications of low rectal cancer.How to preserve anal and reduce the incidence of complications has always been the concern of scholars at home and abroad.In order to improve the survival time and quality of life of patients with low rectal cancer,this paper expounds five key problems:fully preoperative evaluation of anorectal function and staging,reasonable neoadjuvant therapy,safe distal margin,the selection of surgical methods and the timing of preventive stoma.

关 键 词：低位直肠癌 功能评估 新辅助治疗 下切缘 预防性造口 

分 类 号：R735.37[医药卫生—肿瘤]