论“伪P2P平台”背景下行为人集资诈骗数额的认定——以“事态的控制”与“整体性思维”为理论路径  

On the Determination of the Amount of Fraudulent Funds under the Background of "Pseudo-P2P platform"——Taking "Events Control" and "Holistic Thinking" as the Theoretical Path

作　　者：陈立毅[1] 石珂 Chen Li-yi;Shi Ke(People's Procuratorate of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530025,China;School of Law,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区人民检察院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西大学法学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《政法学刊》2021年第6期5-11,共7页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2021广西壮族自治区人民检察院检察理论研究课题“企业生产经营面临的刑事风险与防范研究”(GJ2021A05)。

摘　　要："伪P2P平台"先行归集资金后借款的运作模式,使其更容易触发非法集资犯罪红线。从"正常经营"到"集资诈骗"的转换,可能存在诸多"介入因素"将平台的运营割裂成不同阶段。对于"数额犯"来说,"数额"的认定关系着行为人的入罪与出罪。在平台运营由"介入因素"分为不同阶段的情形下,"承继的共同正犯"理论不能解决后行为人对参与前的"一般行为"应否负责的问题。而以"事态的控制"作为集资诈骗"行为"的修正与补充、以"整体性思维"的推定集资诈骗行为人的主观方面,则能够解决"伪P2P平台"背景下集资诈骗的责任归属问题。对"伪P2P平台"集资诈骗行为人数额的认定应避免"无行为则无犯罪"的僵化适用,以"整体性思维"判定行为人的"入罪"数额,扣除案发前行为人已归还的数额作为"出罪口"。在多阶段的行为人非法集资犯罪中,则应以"非法占有"的事实为准厘清行为人之间的责任,避免对平台吸收资金的重复评价。The operation mode of "pseudo P2P platform",which collects funds first and then borrows money,makes it easier to trigger the red line of illegal fund-raising crime.In the transition from "normal operation" to "fundraising fraud",there may be many "intervention factors" that separate the operation of the platform into different stages.As for the amount of crime,the determination of "amount" is related to the offender’s incrimination and conviction.When the platform operation is divided into different stages by "intervention factors",the theory of "inherited joint principal offender" can not solve the problem of whether the later actor should be responsible for the "general behaviour" before participation.Taking the "events control" as the amendment and supplement of the "behaviour" of fund-raising fraud and using the "holistic thinking" to infer the subjective aspect of the fund-raising fraudster can solve the responsibility attribution problem of fund-raising fraud under the background of "pseudo-P2P platform".To identify the amount of the "pseudo-P2P platform" fund-raising fraud,we should avoid the rigid application of "no behaviour,no crime",judge the amount of "incriminating" by "holistic thinking",and deduct the amount returned by the legal actor before the crime is found.In the multi-stage crime of illegal fund-raising,the fact of "illegal possession" should be taken as the criterion to clarify the responsibility between the actors and avoid the repeated evaluation of the funds absorbed by the platform.

关 键 词：伪P2P平台 犯罪数额 介入因素 事态的控制 整体性思维 

分 类 号：D924.35[政治法律—刑法学]