再论台湾造山带构造格架与演化过程  

Tectonic framework and evolution of the Taiwan Orogen:A revisit

作　　者：黄博宏 魏春景[1] 季建清[1] HUANG PoHung;WEI ChunJing;JI JianQing(MOE Key Laboratory of the Orogenic Belt and Crustal Evolution,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《岩石学报》2022年第4期963-979,共17页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42030304、41872057)资助。

摘　　要：台湾造山带是中新世晚期以来相邻菲律宾海板块往北西方向移动,导致北吕宋岛弧系统及弧前增生楔与欧亚大陆边缘斜碰撞形成的。目前该造山带仍在活动,虽然规模很小,但形成了多数大型碰撞造山带中的所有构造单元,是研究年轻造山系统的理想野外实验室,为理解西太平洋弧-陆碰撞过程和边缘海演化提供了一个独特的窗口。本文总结了二十一世纪以来对台湾造山带的诸多研究进展,讨论了其构造单元划分及演化过程。我们将台湾造山带重新划分为6个构造单元,由西至东分依次为:(1)西部前陆盆地;(2)中央山脉褶皱逆冲带;(3)太鲁阁带;(4)玉里-利吉蛇绿混杂岩带;(5)纵谷磨拉石盆地;(6)海岸山脉岛弧系统。其中,西部前陆盆地为6.5Ma以来伴随台湾造山带的隆升剥蚀形成沉积盆地。中央山脉褶皱逆冲带为新生代(57~5.3Ma)欧亚大陆东缘伸展盆地沉积物由于弧-陆碰撞受褶皱、逆冲及变质作用改造形成的。太鲁阁带是造山带中的古老陆块,主要记录中生代古太平洋俯冲在欧亚大陆活动边缘形成的岩浆、沉积和变质岩作用。玉里-利吉蛇绿混杂岩带和海岸山脉岛弧系统分别为中新世中期(~18Ma)以来南中国海板块向菲律宾海板块之下俯冲形成的岛弧和弧前增生楔,其中玉里混杂岩中有典型低温高压变质作用记录,变质年龄为11~9Ma;岛弧火山作用的主要时限为9.2~4.2Ma。纵谷磨拉石盆地记录1.1Ma以来的山间盆地沉积。台湾造山带的构造演化可划分为4个阶段:(a)古太平洋板块俯冲与欧亚大陆边缘增生阶段(200~60Ma);(b)欧亚大陆东缘伸展和南中国海扩张阶段(60~18Ma);(c)南中国海俯冲阶段(18~4Ma);(d)弧-陆碰撞阶段(<6Ma)。台湾弧-陆碰撞造山带是一个特殊案例,其弧-陆碰撞并不伴随着弧-陆之间的洋盆消亡,而是由于北吕宋岛弧及弧前增生楔伴随菲律宾海板块运动向西北方走滑,仰冲到欧The Taiwan Orogen has been forming since the Late Miocene,by oblique collision between the Eurasian margin and the North Luzon Arc system as the result of the northwestward movement of the adjacent Philippine Sea Plate.The collision belt is still active,and involves all the tectonic units in other continental orogenic belts although it is on a small scale.It is an ideal field laboratory for studying young orogenic systems and provides a unique perspective for understanding the process of arc-continent collision and marginal sea evolution in the western Pacific Ocean.Here we summarize the recent advances in the Taiwan Orogen,and discuss its tectonic division and evolution.We divided the Taiwan Orogen into six tectonic units,from west to east,the Western foreland basins,the Central Range fold-thrust belt,the Tailuko belt,the Yuli-Lichi ophiolitic mélange belt,the Longitudinal Valley molasse basin and the Coast Range arc system.Among them,the Western foreland basins is a sedimentary basin formed since 6.5Ma ago along with the uplift and erosion of the Taiwan Orogen.The Central Range fold-thrust belt consists of Cenozoic(57~5.3Ma)passive marginal basin deposits in the eastern Eurasian plate,that was modified by folding,thrusting and metamorphism as a result of the arc-continental collision.The Tailuko belt is an ancient terrane in the orogen,which mainly records the magmatism,sedimentation and metamorphism formed by the Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific subduction beneath the eastern Eurasian active margin.The Coast Range arc system and Yuli-Lichi ophiolitic mélange belt represent respectively the arc and forearc accretionary wedge formed by the subduction of the South China Sea plate beneath the Philippine Sea plate since the Middle Miocene(~18Ma).The Yuli mélange has typical low-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic rocks with metamorphic ages of 11~9Ma,and the arc volcanism mainly occurred in the period of 9.2~4.2Ma.The Longitudinal Valley molasse basin documents intermountain deposits since 1.1Ma.The tectonic evoluti

关 键 词：台湾造山带 弧-陆碰撞 南中国海俯冲 构造分区 北吕宋岛弧 

分 类 号：P541[天文地球—构造地质学]