北京市人工智能企业全要素生产率的测度及差异性研究  

Research on Measurement and Difference of Total Factor Productivity of Artificial Intelligence Enterprises in Beijing

作　　者：李雅宁[1] 何勤[2] 陈春春 谢丽伟 LI Yaning;HE Qin;CHEN Chunchun;XIE Liwei(Management College,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101;Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070)

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学管理学院,北京100101 [2]首都经贸大学劳动经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《科技促进发展》2021年第8期1549-1557,共9页Science & Technology for Development

基　　金：2019年国家社会科学基金重点项目(19AGL025):人工智能对劳动力市场的冲击及劳动者知识技能转换应对研究,负责人:何勤;2021年北京市社会科学基金一般项目(21JJB016):乡村振兴背景下京津冀普惠金融可持续发展与协同效应研究,负责人:李雅宁;2020年北京联合大学科研项目(XP202012):大数据驱动下的科技金融政策精准治理研究,负责人:程翔。

摘　　要：人工智能的发展已成为衡量一个国家科技水平和经济智能化程度的重要标志。本研究运用DEA-Malmquist指数方法对2016~2018年114家北京市人工智能企业的全要素生产率进行了测度,结果显示,北京市人工智能企业全要素生产率年均增长0.70%,技术效率是企业全要素生产效率提升的主要动力。此外,上市企业的全要素生产率水平高于非上市企业,且行业间差异明显,信息传输、计算机服务和软件业的全要素增长率最高,教育行业的全要素增长率最低。此研究认为,北京市作为国际科创中心,人工智能产业规模增长迅速,但仍处于发展初期,人工智能企业生产率的提升关系到人工智能产业的整体发展水平。The development of artificial intelligence has become an important symbol to measure the level of science and technology and the degree of economic intelligence of a country. By using the DEA-Malmquist index method, the total factor productivity measurement for 114 artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing from 2016 to 2018 was carried out.The results showed that the average annual growth rate of the total factor productivity(TFP) of the artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing was 0. 70%, and the technical efficiency was the main driving force for improvement of the total factor production efficiency of the enterprises. In addition, the total factor productivity of listed companies was higher than that of unlisted companies. The difference between different industries’ total factor productivity was obvious: information transmission, computer services and software industry had the highest total factor growth rate, while education industry had the lowest total factor growth rate. The study point out that as an international science and technology center, Beijing’s AI industry is growing rapidly, but it is still in its infancy. How to improve the productivity level of Artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing is not only related to the efficient development of artificial intelligence industry, but also has important practical significance for promoting the deep integration of artificial intelligence and real economy and realizing high-quality economic development.

关 键 词：人工智能 全要素生产率 DEA-MALMQUIST 技术进步水平 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F275