考虑行人跨越障碍物能力的元胞自动机模型  

Cellular automata model considering pedestrian’s ability to cross obstacles

作　　者：霍非舟 李宇飞 李超[1,2] 马亚萍 涂文豪 HUO Feizhou;LI Yufei;LI Chao;MA Yaping;TU Wenhao(China Research Center for Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学中国应急管理研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第4期211-217,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51808422);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019IVB005,2020VI002)。

摘　　要：为深入研究不同类型的行人跨越障碍物行为,建立改进的元胞自动机模型,利用Dijkstra算法计算静态场,根据跨越障碍物能力不同将行人分为强跨越能力、弱跨越能力和无跨越能力3类,通过调查大型商场出入口相关尺寸参数和障碍物分布情况,构建商场疏散通道的疏散场景,分析可跨越障碍物的摆放方式与长度、行人密度和在障碍物可跨越条件下出口大小等因素对疏散过程的影响。研究结果表明:考虑跨越障碍物行为更符合疏散实际情况,且具有不同跨越能力的行人达到一定比例时最有利于疏散;行人密度越小,可跨越障碍物的位置对疏散影响越明显;出口在一定大小时就已经满足疏散要求,增大出口对疏散促进作用较小。In order to deeply study different types of behavior of pedestrian crossing obstacles,an improved cellular automata model was established.The Dijkstra algorithm was used to calculate the static field,and according to the ability of crossing obstacles,the pedestrian were divided into three categories:strong crossing ability,weak crossing ability and no crossing ability.Through investigating the related size parameters of entrances and exits and the obstacle distribution of large shopping mall,the evacuation scene of the evacuation passage of shopping mall was constructed,and the influence of the layout and length of the crossing obstacles,pedestrian density and size of exit when the obstacles could be crossed on the evacuation process was analyzed.The results showed that considering the behavior of crossing obstacles was more in line with the actual situation of evacuation,and the pedestrian with different crossing abilities reaching a certain proportion was the most conducive to evacuation.The smaller the pedestrian density,the more obvious the influence of the position of crossing obstacles on the evacuation.The exit could meet the evacuation requirements in a certain size,and increasing the exit had little effect on promoting the evacuation.

关 键 词：行人疏散 元胞自动机 DIJKSTRA算法 跨越障碍物 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学]