2013-2019年枣庄市部分市售蔬菜重金属污染状况及其健康风险评估  

Heavy metal pollution status and health risk assessment of marketed vegetables, Zaozhuang city,2013-2019

作　　者：王盼盼 李会会[1] 何靖蕾 边长玲 李士永[1] WANG Pan-pan;LI Hui-hui;HE Jing-lei;BIAN Chang-ling;LI Shi-yong(Zaozhuang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zaozhuang,Shandong,277101 China;不详)

机构地区：[1]枣庄市疾病预防控制中心,山东枣庄277101

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2022年第3期233-236,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的 了解枣庄市市售蔬菜中重金属污染状况,评估经摄食途径对人群产生的健康风险。方法 按照山东省食品安全风险监测方案,采集市售蔬菜700份,采用《国家食品污染和有害因素监测工作手册》中相关方法测定蔬菜中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、总汞(Hg)、总砷(As)含量;采用单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数法评价蔬菜中金属污染状况;采用美国环保局(USEPA)推荐的非致癌风险目标危害系数(THQ)评价对人群健康风险。结果 700份枣庄市市售蔬菜中Pb、Cd、Hg、As含量平均值依次为0.020 5、0.008 5、0.001 6、0.013 4 mg/kg;镉检出率最高37.00%,其次为铅29.43%,总砷14.00%,总汞1.14%;蔬菜样品中不同重金属元素检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);铅超标率最高为1.29%(9/700),镉0.286%(2/700)次之,总汞及总砷均无超标,超标率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同类别蔬菜中重金属超标率前3位的是水生类蔬菜、鳞茎类蔬菜、块根、块茎类,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因子污染指数和综合污染指数均<0.7,蔬菜均处于清洁状态;不同类别蔬菜中金属的THQ及TTHQ均小于1。结论 枣庄市市售蔬菜中铅、镉、总汞、总砷四种重金属总体污染水平较低,不会对人群造成明显健康危害。Objective To understand the heavy metal pollution status of vegetables sold in Zaozhuang city, and to assess the health risks to people through food intake route. Methods A total of 700 vegetable samples were collected according to the food risk monitoring program of Shandong province and tested according to the National Food Pollution and Hazardous Factors Risk Monitoring Workbook.The methods of single factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution methods were used to evaluate the status of metal pollution in vegetables, and noncarcinogenic risk target hazard coefficient(THQ)recommended by U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA) was used to evaluate the health risks to population. Results The average contents of Pb, Cd, Hg and As in vegetables were respectively 0.020 5,0.008 5,0.001 6,and 0.013 4 mg/kg among the 700 vegetable samples collected from markets in Zaozhuang city.The highest detection rate was Cd(37.00%),followed by Pb(29.43%),As(14.00%),and Hg(1.14%).The detection rates and exceeding rates of the 4 metals were all significantly different(P<0.01);the top 3 exceeding rates of different categories of vegetables was aquatic vegetables, then bulb vegetables and root tuber vegetables.The single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index were both <0.7,showing that the vegetables were clean and safe.The THQ and TTHQ in different types of vegetables were all less than 1. Conclusion The overall pollution level of Pb, Cd, Hg and As in vegetables sold in Zaozhuang city is low, which will not cause obvious health hazards to people.

关 键 词：蔬菜 重金属 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]