埋藏深度对茶树修剪物腐解特性的影响  

Effect of burial depth on decomposition characteristics of sheared tea tree parts

作　　者：于翊鹏 黄兴成[2,3] 李渝 杨胜玲[2,3] 张艳 刘彦伶 蒋太明 陈兴良[5] YU Yi-peng;HUANG Xing-cheng;LI Yu;YANG Sheng-ling;ZHANG Yan;LIU Yan-ling;JIANG Tai-ming;CHEN Xing-liang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agriculture Science,Guiyang 550006,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agricultural Environment(Guizhou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Guiyang 550006,China;Agricultural Integrated Service Center of Xinglong Town,Meitan County,Zunyi,Guizhou 564100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵阳550006 [3]农业农村部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站,贵阳550006 [4]贵州省农业科学院,贵阳550006 [5]湄潭县兴隆镇农业综合服务中心,贵州遵义564100

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2022年第2期356-363,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y119号,黔科合支撑[2019]2266号);贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5604)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究埋藏深度对茶树修剪物腐解特性及养分释放的影响,为茶树修剪物还田方式提供科学依据。【方法】设置3个埋藏深度处理,包括表层覆盖(T1)、埋藏10 cm(T2)和埋藏20 cm(T3)。采用尼龙网袋法,在盆钵中进行周年腐解试验,评估不同埋藏深度对茶树修剪物腐解率及养分归还特征的影响。【结果】埋藏20 cm处理下,茎腐解最快,周年腐解率为45.99%;埋藏10 cm处理下,叶和茎叶混合腐解最快,周年腐解率分别为58.79%和51.89%。周年腐解后,茎、叶的养分富集系数差异明显,叶与茎叶混合的养分富集系数则表现出相同的变化规律。表层覆盖处理下,茎中氮和磷的富集系数分别增至1.46和1.36,叶中钾的富集系数降至0.64;埋藏10 cm处理下,茎中钾的富集系数降至0.23,叶中磷的富集系数增至1.41,碳和氮的富集系数下降为0.81和0.80,钾仅为0.22;埋藏20 cm处理下,茎中氮的富集系数增至1.30,钾降至0.27,叶中碳、氮和钾的富集系数分别降为0.77、0.88和0.24。养分释放率方面,埋藏10 cm处理下,碳和氮养分释放较快,叶的碳、氮释放率分别为66.7%和67.1%,显著高于茎的碳、氮释放率(P<0.05,下同);埋藏20 cm处理下,茎的磷释放率为50.7%,高于叶的磷释放率(48.6%);钾的养分释放率受还田方式影响较大,叶在埋藏10 cm处理下钾的养分释放率为90.6%,显著高于表层覆盖处理(62.5%)。【结论】深埋会促进茶树修剪物茎叶的腐解,叶的腐解速率更高;深埋可提高修剪物碳氮磷钾养分释放,其中钾元素释放最快,氮和磷较缓慢。在实际生产中可将茶树修剪物茎叶混合后深埋至10~20 cm耕层进行还田,以改良茶园土壤。【Objective】To explore the effect of burial depth on the decomposition and nutrient release of the sheared tea tree parts,so as to provide scientific basis for turning the sheared tea tree parts tofertilizer.【Method】Three burial depths were set,including:surface cover(T1),burial 10 cm(T2)and burial 20 cm(T3).By using nylon mesh bags method in the basin,a decomposing test was conducted to evaluate different buried depth on the decomposing rate of the sheared tea tree parts and nutrient return characteristics annually.【Result】When buried at 20 cm,stem rot the fastest,and the annual rot rate was 45.99%.When buried at 10 cm,leaf and stem decomposed the fastest,and the annual decomposition rates were 58.79%and 51.89%,respectively.After the annual decomposition,the nutrient enrichment coefficient of stem and leaf was significantly different,and the nutrient enrichment coefficient of leaf mixed with stem and leaf showed the same trend of change.Under surface cover treatment,the enrichment coefficient of nitrogen and phosphorus in stem increased to1.46 and 1.36,respectively,and the enrichment coefficient of potassium in leaf decreased to 0.64.When buried at 10 cm,the enrichment coefficient of potassiumin stem decreased to 0.23,that of phosphorusin leaf increased to 1.41,that of carbon and nitrogen decreased to 0.81 and 0.80,and that of kalium was only 0.22.When buried at 20 cm burial,the enrichment coefficient of nitrogen in stem increased to 1.30,potassium decreased to 0.27,and the enrichment coefficient of carbon,nitrogen and potassium in leaves decreased to 0.77,0.88 and 0.24,respectively.In terms of nutrient release rates,the carbon and nitrogen release rates of leaves were 66.7%and 67.1%,respectively,significantly higher than those of stems when buried at 10 cm(P<0.05,the same below).When buried at 20 cm,the phosphorus release rate of stem was 50.7%,which was higher than that of leaf(48.6%).The nutrient release rate of potassium was greatly affected by the returning method.The potassium release rate of le

关 键 词：茶树修剪物 埋藏深度 腐解率 养分释放 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S141.4[农业科学—作物学]