无人机安全风险评估指标及方法  

Safety Risk Assessment Index and Assessment Method for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

作　　者：张洪海[1,2] 严勇杰 邹依原 刘皞 ZHANG Honghai;YAN Yongjie;ZOU Yiyuan;LIU Hao(College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;State Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management System and Technology,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Science,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京210016 [2]空中交通管理系统与技术国家重点实验室,南京210023 [3]南京航空航天大学理学院,南京210016

出　　处：《指挥信息系统与技术》2022年第2期56-62,90,共8页Command Information System and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71971114);空中交通管理系统与技术国家重点实验室开放基金课题(SKLATM201801)资助项目。

摘　　要：为了量化评估无人机安全风险,提出了一种基于改进模糊C均值聚类(FCM++)的无人机安全风险评估方法。首先,在无人机机体周围定义了3种安全区域,明确了无人机飞行冲突的定义及相关概念;然后,从空中相撞风险与地面撞击风险2个层面构建了7项无人机安全风险评估指标,建立了基于FCM++的无人机安全风险评估模型;最后,选取南京市新街口区域作为仿真试验场景,分析了无人机安全风险评估指标特性,验证了无人机安全风险评估方法的有效性,可为无人机运行安全管控提供一定的技术支持与理论基础。To quantitatively evaluate the safety risk of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV),a safety risk assessment method for UAV based on improved fuzzy c-means clustering(FCM++)is proposed.Firstly,three safety zones are defined around the UAV body,and the definition and related concepts of UAV flight conflict are clarified.Then,from two aspects of air collision risk and ground collision risk,seven indicators for UAV safety risk assessment are constructed,and the UAV safety risk assessment model based on FCM++is established.Finally,selected the Xinjiekou area of Nanjing city as the simulation experiment scene,the characteristic of the indicators of UAV safety risk assessment is analyzed.Thus,the effectiveness of the method of UAV safety risk assessment is verified.It can provide certain technical support and theoretical basis for UAV operation safety management and control.

关 键 词：无人机 飞行冲突 评估指标 风险评估 

分 类 号：V279.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]