新型农业经营主体的非农就业带动效应研究  

Non-agricultural Employment Driving Effect of New Agriculture Operators

作　　者：李江一[1] 仇童伟 秦范 LI Jiangyi;QIU Tongwei;QIN Fan

机构地区：[1]四川大学经济学院,四川成都610065 [2]华南农业大学经济管理学院,广东广州510642 [3]北京大学经济学院,北京100871

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期10-21,共12页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“乡村振兴战略背景下新型农业经营主体的辐射带动效应研究”(71903140);四川大学从“0到1”创新研究项目“回流劳动力就业创业与乡村振兴的联动机制研究”(2021CXC12);四川省社会科学“十四五”规划项目“新型农业经营主体的就业创业带动效应研究”(SC21C036)。

摘　　要：利用中国家庭金融调查2015年和2017年的家庭和社区面板数据,采用双重差分模型(DID)考察新型农业经营主体对农民非农就业的带动效应及其作用机制。研究发现,新型农业经营主体可使农民参与非农就业的概率显著提高约4个百分点,但对创业无显著影响。在各类新型农业经营主体中,农民专业合作社和家庭农场带动效应显著,而专业大户、农业企业带动作用不明显。进一步分析表明,新型农业经营主体在农村形成后,一定程度上能直接带动农业劳动者从事本地雇佣劳动,但尚不具有促进农业资本投资替代家庭自有农业劳动力投入进而释放更多农业劳动力参与非农就业的效应。与此同时,新型农业经营主体还可通过促进土地出租来带动农民非农就业。由此认为新型农业经营主体能在带动农民非农就业方面产生显著的要素集聚外部性,提出可从培育和发展这些新型主体着手来提升农民收入和促进就业。Based on household and community panel data from China Household Financial Survey in 2015 and 2017,this paper studies the effect and mechanism of new agricultural operators on farmers’ non-agricultural employment using a difference-in-differences(DID)estimation model. It is found that new agricultural operators can increase the probability of farmers participating in non-agricultural employment by about 4 percent with no significant impact on entrepreneurship. Among all kinds of new agricultural operators,agricultural cooperatives and family farms have significant driving effect while specialized farmers and agricultural enterprises have no such effect. Further studies show that new agricultural operators can directly improve non-agricultural employment by transferring agricultural labor force to local employment but have little effect on releasing more agricultural labor force by promoting substitution of agricultural labor force with agricultural capital investment. Meanwhile,new agricultural operators can further encourage agricultural labor force to participate non-agricultural employment through facilitating agricultural land transfer. The conclusion of this paper shows that the new agricultural operators can generate significant factor agglomeration externalities in promoting non-agricultural employment of smallholders.

关 键 词：新型农业经营主体 溢出效应 非农就业 双重差分模型 

分 类 号：F304.7[经济管理—产业经济]