追问媒介和技术的本质--麦克卢汉对海德格尔的“形象化”透视  

Inquiry into the Essence of Medium and Technology--McLuhan’s perspective on Heidegger’s“Figuration”

作　　者：金惠敏 JIN Hui-min(School of Literature&Journalism,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期111-119,共9页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

基　　金：笔者主持国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“德国早期诠释学关键文本翻译与研究”(19ZDA268)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：麦克卢汉是20世纪媒介理论大师,海德格尔后期对技术的论述一直被学界作为经典来引用。麦克卢汉曾多次谈论和解读海德格尔,其中一个主题是如何认识媒介与技术的本质。从格式塔心理学借来“形象”和“背景”两个概念,麦克卢汉将它们分别对应于其媒介理论中的“视觉空间”和“听觉空间”,他强调,视觉的功能乃是从“背景”中分离出“形象”。海德格尔将“现代技术”的本质作为“构架”,所谓“构架”即是“解蔽”,而“解蔽”无非是说有某物展露其自身。在展露这一意义上,麦克卢汉认为,海德格尔的“现代技术”无论作为“构架”抑或“解蔽”,其本质都是“形象”或“形象化”。以此认识为基础,麦克卢汉和海德格尔分别展开了他们对于媒介和现代技术之本质的分析和论衡。Marshall McLuhan is a master thinker of media in the 20th century,and Martin Heidegger’s late discourse on technology has all along been quoted in academic circle as classic.McLuhan talked about and interpreted Heidegger many times.A topic of his is how to understand the essence of medium and technology.Borrowing the two concepts of“figure”and“ground”from Gestalt psychology,McLuhan linked them respectively to“visual space”and“acoustic space”in his own media theory,emphasizing that the primary function of vision is to isolate the“figure”out of its“ground”.Heidegger considered the essence of“modern technology”as the“Enframing”(Ge-stell),and the so-called“Enframing”is“demasking”,which simply means that something reveals itself.In the sense of“revealing”,McLuhan thought that Heidegger’s“modern technology”,whether referred to as“Enframing”or plainly as“revealing”,is essentially“figure”or“figuration”.Sharing this recognition as a starting point,McLuhan and Heidegger carried out their own analysis and judgement on the essence of medium and modern technology.

关 键 词：麦克卢汉 海德格尔 媒介 技术 形象 

分 类 号：I0-02[文学—文学理论]