碳水化合物—蛋白质饮料对耐力运动员运动表现的影响  

Carbohydrate—protein drink for endurance athletes’ the impact of athletic performance

作　　者：高明有 汪超[2] 杨丹丹 GAO Ming-You;WANG Chao;YANG Dan-Dan(Physical Education College of Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;Yulin Vocational and Technical College Department of Physical Education,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院体育学院,榆林719000 [2]榆林职业技术学院体育部,榆林719000

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第7期2059-2065,共7页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：2021年陕西省社会科学基金项目(2021Q007);2021年榆林市科技局项目(CXY-2021-99-01);2020年榆林市高新区年度科技计划项目(CXY-2020-17);陕西省教育科学“十四五”规划课题项目(SGH21Y0609)。

摘　　要：抗疲劳功能型饮料能够补充能量、缓解运动疲劳已被广泛认可。同传统的碳水化合物饮料相比,碳水化合物—蛋白质饮料对提高耐力运动员运动表现主要得益于其水合作用强、耐热性能高、抗疲劳显著等特点。近年来,含蛋白质混合物的碳水化合物饮品价值被不断挖掘。本文概括了传统碳水化合物和碳水化合物—蛋白质饮料的不同,补充蛋白质对耐力训练影响的证据,综述了运动训练中补充蛋白质对耐力训练成绩、抗阻运动训练最大力量增加的影响及碳水化合物—蛋白质饮料提高耐力运动员表现的潜在优势。提出运动训练中补充含适量蛋白质混合物的碳水化合物饮品对提高耐力运动员的表现主要是通过运动适应生理机制反映出来。其具体从能量代谢与血液循环、骨骼肌肉与神经控制、运动适应与运动应激3个方面提高运动表现。最后,结合运动实践进行展望,为运动训练中补充碳水化合物—蛋白质饮料提供参考。Anti-fatigue functional drinks have been widely recognized for their ability to replenish energy and relieve exercise fatigue.Compared with the traditional carbohydrate drink,the performance of carbohydrate-protein drink can improve the performance of endurance athletes mainly due to their strong hydration,high heat resistance,remarkable anti-fatigue and other characteristics.In recent years,the value of carbohydrate drink containing protein mixture has been continuously explored.This paper summarized the differences between traditional carbohydrate drink and carbohydrate-protein drink,supplement the evidence of the influence of supplementing protein on endurance training,and summarized the influence of supplementing protein in sports training on endurance training results and the maximum strength increase in resistance sports training,as well as the potential advantages of carbohydrate-protein drink in improving endurance athletes’ performance.This paper proposed that the supplementation of carbohydrate drink containing an appropriate amount of protein mixture in exercise training for the improvement of endurance athletes’ performance was mainly reflected through the physiological mechanism of exercise adaptation.Specifically,it improved exercise performance from 3 aspects:Energy metabolism and blood circulation,skeletal muscle and nerve control,exercise adaptation and exercise stress.Finally,combined with sports practice,the prospect has been made to provide references for supplementing carbohydrate-protein drink in sports training.

关 键 词：碳水化合物—蛋白质饮料 耐力运动员 能量来源 运动表现 

分 类 号：TS275.4[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] G804.32[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]