轨道车辆用纤维增强酚醛发泡材料研制  

Research and Manufacturing of Fiber Reinforced Phenolic Foam Material for Rail Vehicle

作　　者：李鹏飞 周洲 王宇鹏 林立钿[2] 王明星[2] Li Pengfei;Zhou Zhou;Wang Yupeng;Lin Lidian;Wang Mingxing(CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130000,China;Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412000,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,长春130000 [2]株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第5期50-55,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1201604)。

摘　　要：为提高酚醛发泡材料的力学性能、阻燃性能,满足轨道车辆地板产品应用需求。采用微球发泡及纤维增强技术通过热压成型研制了轨道车辆用高阻燃酚醛发泡材料板材,采用单因素试验方法,研究了初始固化温度、发泡剂、阻燃剂以及发泡材料密度等对材料性能的影响。结果表明,初始固化温度在140℃左右时能使发泡剂球体保留完好,含水率得到有效控制,避免板材分层;发泡剂质量分数为10%时,能获得较好的发泡厚度与均匀性;聚磷酸铵APP-102阻燃剂与酚醛树脂匹配更好,在质量分数达到3%时,能明显降低材料的热释放速率与烟密度,达到EN45545-2–2013 R1的HL3最高防火等级;当发泡材料密度达到200 kg/m^(3)以上时,材料平拉、平压强度均高于4 MPa,并通过了570万次疲劳测试,能满足轨道车辆地板的使用要求。In order to improve the mechanical strength and flame retardancy of phenolic foam materials and meet the application requirements of rail vehicle floor products,a high flame retardant phenolic foam material plate for rail vehicles was developed by using microsphere foaming and fiber reinforced technology through hot pressing.The effects of initial curing temperature,foaming agent,flame retardant and foam material density on the properties of the foam material were studied by single factor test.The results show that when the initial curing temperature is about 140℃,the foaming agent sphere can be kept intact,the water content can be effectively controlled and the delamination of the plate can be avoided.Good foaming thickness and uniformity can be obtained when the content of foaming agent is 10 wt%.Ammonium polyphosphate APP-102 flame retardant is better matched with phenolic resin,when the APP-102 content reaches 3 wt%,it can significantly decrease the heat release rate of the material and reduce the smoke density,reaching the highest fire protection level of EN45545-2–2013 R1 HL3.When the foam material density is above 200 kg/m^(3),the flat tensile strength and flat compressive strength are higher than 4 MPa,and 5700 thousand fatigue tests are passed,which can meet the requirements of rail vehicle floor.

关 键 词：酚醛发泡材料 微球发泡 阻燃 热压成型 

分 类 号：TQ320.722[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]