“政治犯不予引渡”规则与孙中山伦敦蒙难事件的第三种解释  

The Rule of Political Offense Exception and the Third Interpretation of the Case of Sun Yat⁃sen

作　　者：侯中军[1,2] Hou Zhongjun

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院 [2]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《广东社会科学》2022年第3期96-108,287,共14页Social Sciences in Guangdong

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“哥伦比亚大学图书馆藏顾维钧档案整理与研究”(项目号19ZDA222);国家社科重大项目“英国藏汇丰银行涉华档案整理与研究(1865—1949)”(项目号20&234)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：围绕孙中山伦敦蒙难事件研究这一课题,学界在孙中山进入清政府驻英使馆的方式上存有两种论点:一是绑架说;二是自投说。孙中山本人对自己进入使馆的方式,先是称被“绑架”,后改为“自投”。无论是“绑架说”还是“自投说”,均无法合理解释涉案双方的材料。如果把“政治犯不予引渡”规则纳入分析的视野,则从孙中山避难香港起的历史发展线索就比较容易得到合理解释,不但可以印证孙中山方面的材料,而且可以解释清政府方面的相关材料记载。为了推动革命宣传,改变处于困局中的反清革命,孙中山主动策划了自己被清使馆囚禁事件。通过分析两方的材料,可以认为,孙中山被囚禁于清使馆是一次有预谋的自投。Concerning about the case of Sun Yat⁃sen’s kidnap in London,there are two arguments within aca⁃demia.Some suggest that Sun was imprisoned by the Qing government embassy and the other argue that Sun walked into the embassy by himself.According to Sun Yat⁃sen’s own saying,he claimed that he was kidnapped at first,and then changed his view.Basing on the rule of Political Offense Exception,Sun Yat⁃sen’s Anti⁃Qing Dynasty Revolution can be explained reasonably when he set out from Hong Kong to Lon⁃don.In order to solve the propaganda problem during the revolution,Sun designed such a kidnap in ad⁃vance.It was a premeditated incident that Sun Yat⁃sen’s kidnap in London by analyzing both positive and negative materials.

关 键 词：政治犯 伦敦蒙难 孙中山 反清革命 

分 类 号：K257.1[历史地理—历史学]