株距和叶片温度对干热河谷甜玉米光合作用光响应特征的影响  

Effects of Plant Spacing and Leaf Temperature on Photosynthetic Light-response Characteristics of Sweet Corn in Dry-hot Valley

作　　者：李建查 李义林 潘志贤[1] 李坤 岳学文[1] 史亮涛[1] 张雷 孙毅 和润莲 王艳丹 何光熊[1] 段琪彩 方海东[1] LI Jian-cha;LI Yi-lin;PAN Zhi-xian;LI Kun;YUE Xue-wen;SHI Liang-tao;ZHANG Lei;SUN Yi;HE Run-lian;WANG Yan-dan;HE Guang-xiong;DUAN Qi-cai;FANG Hai-dong(Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou 651300,China;Yunnan Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Kunming 650228,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [2]云南省水利水电科学研究院,云南昆明650228

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第3期185-190,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：云南省重点研发计划项目(2019BC001)。

摘　　要：以甜玉米(正甜68)为研究对象,研究了干热河谷甜玉米种植株距、叶片温度和光照强度对其光合特征的影响。采用Li-6400光合测定系统控温,测定分析了大田条件下甜玉米灌浆期不同株距(20、30、40 cm)和不同叶片温度(20、30、40℃)的穗位叶光合作用光响应特征。结果表明:种植株距、叶片温度、光照强度对甜玉米穗位叶光合特征均有显著影响,株距为40 cm的甜玉米穗位叶Pn、Gs和WUE均最高;随着叶片温度增加,Pn、Gs和Tr均明显增加,WUE明显降低;随着种植株距、叶片温度的增大,LCP、LSP、Pn_(max)、Tr_(max)均呈现增大趋势,WUE_(max)呈现降低趋势。株距与叶片温度之间存在显著的互作效应,种植株距30 cm与叶片温度40℃组合处理的Pn、Gs、Tr均最大,WUE较低,且主成分分析综合得分最高。可见,种植株距为30 cm时甜玉米叶片光合作用光响应特征可以较好地适应40℃叶片温度。Sweet corn(Zhengtian 68)was taken as the research object,and the effects of plant spacing,leaf temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic characteristics of sweet corn in dry-hot valley were investigated.By Li-6400 photosynthesis determination system,the photosynthetic light-response characteristics of ear leaves at the filling stage at different plant spacing(20 cm,30 cm and 40 cm)and leaf temperature(20℃,30℃and 40℃)under field conditions were measured and analyzed.The results showed that plant spacing,leaf temperature and light intensity had significant effects on the photosynthetic characteristics of ear leaves of sweet corn.Pn,Gs and WUE of ear leaves of sweet corn with plant spacing of 40 cm were the largest for all pant spacing.With the increase of leaf temperature,the Pn,Gs and Tr increased,and the WUE decreased.With the increase of plant spacing and leaf temperature,LCP,LSP,Pn_(max) and Tr_(max) all showed an increasing trend,while WUE_(max) showed a decreasing trend.There were significant interactions between plant spacing and leaf temperature.Pn,Gs and Tr were the highest and WUE was the lowest when the plant spacing was 30 cm and the leaf temperature was 40℃.The comprehensive score of principal component analysis was the highest.The results indicated that the leaf photosynthetic light-response characteristics of sweet corn with plant spacing of 30 cm could better adapt to the leaf temperature of 40℃.

关 键 词：干热河谷 甜玉米 种植株距 叶片温度 光合作用光响应特征 

分 类 号：S513.044[农业科学—作物学]