“海水稻”秸秆饲用价值及其干燥过程的变化  

Effect of drying time on the feed value and dynamic changes in“Sea Rice”straw

作　　者：牛志力 杨讯业 吴琼[1] 赵志辉 尹福泉[1] 郭广振 高振华[1] NIU Zhili;YANG Xunye;WU Qiong;ZHAO Zhihui;YIN Fuquan;GUO Guangzhen;GAO Zhenhua(Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第5期1039-1046,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：广东省现代草牧业(羊)产业技术体系项目(2019KJ127);广东省研究生教育创新计划项目(2020SFKC041);广东海洋大学研究生教育创新计划项目(校研究生〔2019〕10号)。

摘　　要：“海水稻”(Oryza sativa)是我国近些年研究开发的水稻新品种。“海水稻”秸秆是“海水稻”的副产品,是一种待开发的粗饲料资源,有必要对其饲用价值进行评估并根据饲用价值的动态变化确定适宜干燥时间。分析测定“海水稻”秸秆、普通水稻秸秆、玉米(Zea mays)秸秆、花生(Arachis hypogaea)秧和皇竹草(Pennisetum sinese)营养成分,明确“海水稻”秸秆的营养地位;对干燥1、7、15、30、45、60 d“海水稻”秸秆样本进行物理性状测定、养分分析和品质评定,明确不同干燥时间下“海水稻”秸秆饲用价值的动态变化。结果表明:“海水稻”秸秆养分含量在测定的粗饲料原料中最低,不同粗饲料原料的相对饲用价值为“海水稻”秸秆<普通水稻秸秆<玉米秸秆<皇竹草<花生秧;随着干燥时间的增加,“海水稻”秸秆线性密度和剪切力降低,总能、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量降低,饲料相对饲喂价值、质量指数无显著变化(P>0.05),分级指数显著降低(P<0.05);随着干燥时间的延长,“海水稻”秸秆饲用价值下降;综合养分含量、物理性状和粗饲料评价指数,在温度在35℃、相对湿度为78%条件下,保证饲用价值的“海水稻”秸秆的适宜自然干燥时间为收割后第15天。“Sea rice”is a new variety of rice(Oryza sativa)being researched in China.Sea rice straw is a by-product of sea rice and one source of feed roughage to be developed.It is necessary to determine the appropriate drying time to evaluate the feed value based on the dynamic changes occurring in the feed.Comparisons were made between the nutritional components of sea rice straw,rice straw(Oryza sativa),corn straw(Zea mays),peanut vines(Arachis hypogaea)and fountain grass(Pennisetum sinese),and the physical properties,nutrient contents,and quality of sea rice straw were analyzed for the drying times of 1,7,15,30,45 and 60 days.The results showed that the nutrient content of sea rice straw was the lowest among the forages investigated.The feed value of the different forages was ranked as follows:sea rice straw<rice straw<corn straw<fountain grass<peanut vines.With an increase in drying time,the linear density and shearing force of the sea rice straw as well as the gross energy,crude protein content,and ether extract content decreased;the relative feed value and quality index showed no significant changes;and the grading index showed a significant decrease(P<0.05).With the extension of drying time,the feed value of sea rice straw dropped significantly.Under a temperature of 35℃and a relative humidity of 78%the suitable natural drying time for sea rice straw,in terms of nutrient content,physical properties,and feed index,is 15 days.

关 键 词：“海水稻” 养分含量 物理性状 相对饲喂价值 质量指数 分级指数 自然干燥 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]