外泌体介导微RNAs在骨肉瘤中的作用与应用  

Role and Application of Exosome-mediated MicroRNAs in Osteosarcoma

作　　者：任伟 郭世炳[2] 徐翔 王亚超 刘晓强 赵伟[2] 王紫横 王玉鑫[2] 李宇 REN Wei;GUO Shibing;XU Xiang;WANG Yachao;LIU Xiaoqiang;ZHAO Wei;WANG Ziheng;WANG Yuxin;LI Yu(Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010000,China;Department of Osteooncology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010030,China;Department of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010030,China;Department of Anesthesia Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010030,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学,呼和浩特010000 [2]内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院骨肿瘤科,呼和浩特010030 [3]内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院微创脊柱外科,呼和浩特010030 [4]内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院麻醉手术科,呼和浩特010030

出　　处：《医学综述》2022年第8期1532-1538,共7页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81960484,82160485)。

摘　　要：骨肉瘤是一种罕见的软组织恶性肿瘤,具有较高的肺转移率和病死率。术前化疗、手术切除病灶和术后化疗仍是骨肉瘤的主要治疗方法。然而,对不能切除、原发转移或复发的患者,预后很差。基于外泌体特性的骨肉瘤靶向治疗已成为骨肿瘤领域的研究热点,外泌体是一种纳米级的双层脂质胞外囊泡,参与细胞间的信息交流,可引起骨肉瘤细胞功能的改变,在骨肉瘤的发展过程中起重要作用。外泌体可携带用于检测疾病进展的微RNAs(miRNAs)。miRNAs可作为临床诊断骨肉瘤的标志物和治疗靶点。此外,miRNAs在骨肉瘤的辅助诊断、治疗导向和预后评估等方面也具有潜在的应用价值。Osteosarcoma is a rare soft tissue malignant tumor with high lung metastasis rate and mortality.Preoperative chemotherapy,surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy are still the main treatment methods for osteosarcoma.However,for patients who cannot be resected,have primary metastasis or relapse,the prognosis is poor.The targeted therapy of osteosarcoma based on the characteristics of exosomes has become a research hotspot in the field of bone tumor.Exosomes are a kind of nanoscale bilayer lipid extracellular vesicles that participate in information exchange between cells.It can cause changes in the cell function of osteosarcoma and plays an important role in the development of osteosarcoma.Exosomes can carry microRNAs(miRNAs)that are used to detect the disease progression.miRNAs can be used as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.In addition,miRNAs also have potential application value in the auxiliary diagnosis,treatment orientation and prognosis assessment of osteosarcoma.

关 键 词：骨肉瘤 外泌体 微RNAS 化疗耐药 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R738.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]