《汉语大字典》(第2版)的书证迟后和义项不足--以《老子》为例  

A Case Study of the Lagging Exemplification and Deficiency of Meanings in Hanyu Dazidian(2nd Edition)

作　　者：张道升 张学辉 Zhang Daosheng;Zhang Xuehui(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Hefei Normal University,Hefei Anhui 230601)

机构地区：[1]合肥师范学院文学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《安徽警官职业学院学报》2022年第1期117-122,共6页Journal of Anhui Vocational College of Police Officers

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“基于字料库的《汉语大字典》异体字整理与研究”(21BYY141)。

摘　　要：《汉语大字典》是现今世界上规模最大、释义最全、最具权威的一部汉语字典。《汉语大字典》在义项设置上,源流并重是其主要特点之一,即力求做到每个字的每个义项的引用书证是最早的;义项的全面性,是其另一重要特点。由于当时编纂条件的限制等原因,《汉语大字典》在这两方面还有许多不足:一方面《汉语大字典》涉及面极广--从古代到现代,所引书证和所概括的义项不能完全准确、全面;另一方面前贤时彦虽做过相关领域的研究,但是对于《汉语大字典》还远远不够。《老子》不仅是一部哲学著作,而且作为一部重要的古代文献,对工具书的编纂和完善也有很大帮助。从对《老子》的研究来纠正《汉语大字典》的书证迟后和义项不足的问题,希对该字典的完善有所裨益。Hanyu Dazidian is the largest,most comprehensive and most authoritative Chinese dictionary in the world.In terms of meaning setting,it emphasizes the origin and development of words,which makes every effort to assure the earliest origin of quotations and exemplifications of meaning items;the comprehensiveness of meaning is another important feature of it.Due to the limitations of compilation conditions at that time,Hanyu Dazidian still has many deficiencies in these two aspects:for one thing,Hanyu Dazidian has a broader range--from ancient time until now,so the quotations and items cannot always be accurate and comprehensive;for another,it is not enough,although outstanding figures in ancient and modern times have done the research of Hanyu Dazidian.Laozi is more than a philosophical work,as an important ancient literature,it is greatly helpful for compilation and improvement of reference books.Based on Laozi,the quotations lagging and meaning-item deficiency of Hanyu Dazidian should be put right.It hopes that humble contributions would be made for improving the dictionary.

关 键 词：《汉语大字典》 《老子》 书证迟后 义项不足 

分 类 号：I207.3[文学—中国文学]