贺兰山东麓不同区域‘北红’越冬性能调查  

Investigation on Overwintering Performance of ‘Beihong’ Grapevine in Different Locations at East Helan Mountain Area

作　　者：刘玉娟 乔改霞[3] 唐玄德[1] 谢军 徐美隆[3] 段伟[2] 梁振昌[2] 范培格[2,4] LIU Yujuan;QIAO Gaixia;TANG Xuande;XIE Jun;XU Meilong;DUAN Wei;LIANG Zhenchang;FAN Peige(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Ningxia Forestry Institute/State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering,Yinchuan 750004,China;China Wine Industry Technology Institute,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [3]宁夏林业研究院/种苗生物工程国家重点实验室,宁夏银川750004 [4]中国葡萄酒产业技术研究院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2022年第3期74-77,共4页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002501);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划一般项目(2018BFH03013)。

摘　　要：对贺兰山东麓产区平吉堡和玉泉营两个区域露地越冬的‘北红’葡萄成年树体1年生成熟枝条的水分含量、芽眼萌发率、主芽坏死情况等进行了调查。结果表明,两个区域的‘北红’葡萄一年生枝条总含水量和束缚水含量始终保持在较高水平,1~5节枝条的萌芽率大于95%,芽眼萌芽率也保持在89%以上,表现出较高的耐寒旱特性。调查发现,不同节位和区域芽眼的萌发率不同,平吉堡高节位(4芽、5芽)芽的萌发率大于低节位芽,而玉泉营呈相反的趋势。两个区域的‘北红’主芽均出现坏死情况,推测枝条营养状况是导致玉泉营枝条主芽坏死率高的主要原因。In order to understand the overwintering characteristics on'Beihong'grapevine at East Helan Mountain area,water content,bud germination rate and main bud necrosis at different nodes of annual branches in two locations during overwintering in open field were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that total water and bound water content of the annual branches in Pingjipu and Yuquanying areas always remained at a high level during the experiment.Average germination rate of total bud of 1-5 nodes on branches was greater than 95%,and bud germination rate of different nodes were also more than 89%,which exhibited that'Beihong'had high cold and drought tolerance at East Helan Mountain area.This study also found that bud germination rates were different among 1-5 nodes and between two locations.The buds at higher nodes(4th and 5th bud)in Pingjipu base had higher germination rates than lower nodes,while the buds at Yuquanying showed the opposite trend.However,the necrosis rate of main buds of'Beihong'were relatively high especially at Yuquanying,but no necrosis of the accessory buds were found under the test conditions.It was speculated that nutritional status of branches was the main reason for the high necrosis rate of main buds of branches in Yuquanying.

关 键 词：北红 露地越冬 枝条含水量 萌芽率 主芽坏死 节位 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]