柴达木盆地盐漠环境MICP土著微生物筛选  

Screening of MICP Indigenous Microorganisms in Salt Desert Environment in Qaidam Basin

作　　者：袁媛 赵媛[1] 张秉来 王新红 侯福星 张文[1,2] YUAN Yuan;ZHAO Yuan;ZHANG Binglai;WANG Xinhong;HOU Fuxing;ZHANG Wen(Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Building Energy-saving Materials and Engineering Safety in Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Electric Power Design Institute,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,西宁810016 [2]青海省建筑节能材料与工程安全重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [3]青海省电力设计院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2022年第1期67-73,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51468055);青海省自然科学基金项目(2022-ZJ-919);青海省“135”人才工程项目。

摘　　要：在西北地区盐漠极端环境中,寻找和发现土著高产脲酶微生物是开展地表盐漠土或沙漠土微环境固化和固定研究的关键。该文以柴达木盆地盐漠环境中耐盐高产脲酶微生物的筛选为研究目标,针对环境中的土样、水样和耐盐植物,分别采用纯化分离、菌株脲酶活性测定、Berthelot反应等技术,筛选分离和鉴定了一种土著耐盐高产脲酶微生物,并进一步对该土著微生物区系、脲酶活性、矿化能力及其安全性进行试验研究。结果表明,此次筛选出的土著耐盐高产脲酶微生物属于一种木糖葡萄球菌,其脲酶活性随着微生物的生命周期呈现一个峰值变化,最高值为2.24 U/mL,属于高产脲酶微生物。该微生物在易溶盐含量为7%的10 m L的诱导液中,产生8.6%的碳酸钙新生量,具备微生物矿化能力。在盐漠环境筛选出的这种土著耐盐高产脲酶微生物,可用于西北寒旱盐漠沙化微生物矿化防治的理论和技术创新研究。In the extreme environment of the cold and arid salt desert in northwest China,finding and discovering indigenous high-yielding urease microorganisms is the key to the research on the solidification and fixation of the surface salt desert soil or desert soil microenvironment.This paper takes the screening of salt-tolerant and high-producing urease microorganisms in the salt desert environment of the Qaidam Basin as the research objective.For the soil samples,water samples and salt-tolerant plants in the environment,techniques such as purification and separation,strain urease activity determination,and Berthelot reaction are used,to screen,isolate and identify an indigenous salt-tolerant high-producing urease microorganism,and further conduct the experimental study on the indigenous microbial flora,urease activity,mineralization ability and safety.The results showed that the indigenous salt-tolerant and high-producing urease microorganisms that were screened this time belonged to a kind of Staphylococcus xylosus,and its urease activity showed a peak change with the life cycle of the microorganisms,with the highest value of 2.24 U/mL,which belonged to the high-yielding microorganisms.The microorganism produces 8.6%of new calcium carbonate in a 10 mL induction solution with a soluble salt content of 7%,and possesses the ability of microbial mineralization.The indigenous salt-tolerant and high-yielding urease microorganisms screened out in the salt desert environment can be used for theoretical and technological innovation research on the prevention and control of microbial mineralization in the cold and dry salt desert in northwest China.

关 键 词：寒旱盐漠环境 土著微生物 高产脲酶 MICP 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]