日本国立大学人才培养新动向——基于《大型企划》与《改革方针》的考察  

Research on the New Trend of Talent Training in Japanese National Universities:Based on the Investigation of Grand Design and Reform Plan

作　　者：李红[1] 王安琪 LI Hong;WANG Anqi(Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学外国语学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国农业教育》2022年第2期100-106,共7页China Agricultural Education

基　　金：江苏省社科应用研究精品工程外语类课题“新文科背景下高校翻译类课程思政建设实践研究”(21SWB-03);教育部产学合作协同育人项目“新文科背景下地方高校外语应用翻译课程‘金课’建设探索与实践”(202002007012);南京农业大学研究生优质教学资源建设项目“科技日语译写教学案例”(NJAU_JXAL2021034)。

摘　　要：当前日本正处于深刻变化的社会转型期。尖端科技迅速崛起引发的人才培养断层、人口结构急速转型、高校国际竞争力相对下滑以及地方经济发展萎缩等问题日益突出。高等教育作为社会发展的先导,具有基础性、全局性和支撑性作用,是推动社会进步与经济发展的重要因素。文章聚焦日本文部科学省实施的《面向2040年的高等教育大型企划》与《国立大学改革方针》两部重磅改革方案,分析日本国立大学在当前新的历史发展时期出现的四个育人新动向,即同时掌握基础知识与通用技能的综合型人才、源于社会不同层次和种群的多样化人才、引领世界智慧的创新型人才以及带动地方发展的特色领军人才。通过考察分析,以期为同样面临文理交叉学科改革、多样化及高质量人才培养、国家及地方特色人才培育等难题的中国高等教育提供建议和参考。Japan is currently undergoing a period of profound social transformation.The problems of talent training caused by the rapid rise of high technology,the rapid transformation of the demographic structure,the decline in the international competitiveness of universities,the stagnant economic growth and the severe shrinking of local economic development have become increasingly prominent.As the forerunner of social development,higher education plays a basic,overall and supporting role and hence is an important factor to promote social progress and economic development.This paper focuses on the two major reform plans implemented by the Japanese Ministry of Education and Science—Grand Design for Higher Education toward 2040 and National University Reform Plan,analyzes the four new educational goals put forward by the Japanese national universities in this new social environment,that is,the comprehensive talents who master basic knowledge and general skills at the same time,the talents from different levels and groups of society,the talents who lead the creation and innovation of the world,and the talents who drive local economic growth and cooperation,and finally investigates the training methods of each kind of talents.This research is expected to provide experience and reference for China,which is also facing the problems of interdisciplinary reform of Arts and Sciences,diversified and high-quality talent training,and the development of talent training mode with Chinese and local characteristics.

关 键 词：日本 国立大学 人才培养 新动向 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]