基于知识结构和认知结构的学习设计  

Design of learning based on knowledge structure and cognitive structure

作　　者：罗国权[1] LUO Guo-quan(Yunnan Open University,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南开放大学,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南开放大学学报》2022年第1期5-14,共10页Journal of Yunnan Open University

摘　　要：本文提出知识的三个基本要素,并将其用于阐述知识体系的结构,定义知识点,论述个体认知结构。知识体系在宏观层面被描述为知识概念构成的复杂网络结构,在微观层面被描述为知识点。知识点可以由一个概念群来定义,并被描述为概念复杂网络中的一个小网络结构,它的结构包括一个概念群、相关的判断和对应的案例。依据知识点结构和个体认知结构,我们阐述了知识的获得、表达和扩展的过程,提出了学习的格式化设计。这种学习设计可以帮助学习者实现格式化和流程化的学习,让学习者在获得知识的基础上不断进阶学习,实现认知结构的完善和扩展,提升学习者的知识表达水平和知识扩展能力。This paper proposes three basic elements of knowledge,and uses them to expound the structure of knowledge system,defines the structure of knowledge points,discusses the structure of individual cognition.Macroscopically,knowledge system is described as a complex network structure composed of knowledge concepts,and microscopically,it is described as knowledge points.Knowledge points can be defined by a group of concepts and described as a small network structure in a complex network of concepts.The structure includes a group of concepts,related judgments,and corresponding cases.According to the structure of knowledge points and individual cognitive structure,we expound the process of knowledge acquisition,expression and expansion,and put forward a formatted learning design to help learners achieve formatted and process-based learning,enable learners to continue advanced learning and acquire knowledge,improve and expand cognitive structure,and improve learners’expressions and knowledge expansion ability.

关 键 词：知识结构 认知结构 知识点 学习设计 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]