多目标追踪任务下疲劳对足球运动员前交叉韧带损伤风险的影响  

Effects of Fatigue Under Multiple-object Tracking Tasks on the Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury of Football Players

作　　者：任园园[1] 陆阿明[1] 王国栋[1] 王文镭 杨海琪 陈一言 刘丹[1] 骆乐 REN Yuanyuan;LU Aming;WANG Guodong;WANG Wenlei;YANG Haiqi;CHEN Yiyan;LIU Dan;LUO Le(Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第5期27-33,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2019022)。

摘　　要：目的:以3D-MOT任务模拟真实比赛中的动态追踪任务,探究足球运动员在疲劳发展过程中下肢生物力学的渐进性变化及其对非接触性前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤的影响。方法:采用Vicon运动捕捉系统与三维测力台,同步采集15名足球运动员在多目标追踪任务下,由未疲劳、中度疲劳至重度疲劳时完成落地动作的下肢生物力学参数,并应用Visual 3D软件对各项参数进行比较。结果:1)与未疲劳相比,受试者中度疲劳时,膝关节屈曲角度与踝关节跖屈角度增加、膝关节内旋角度及垂直地面反作用力首峰出现的时间减少(P<0.05);达到重度疲劳时,髋关节屈曲角度、膝关节外翻角度、髋关节伸力矩等明显增加,垂直方向、水平方向以及前后方向地面反作用力也明显增加(P<0.05);2)与中度疲劳相比,受试者重度疲劳时髋关节屈曲角度、膝关节屈曲角度及膝关节伸力矩减小,膝关节外翻角度与膝关节内收力矩仍明显增大(P<0.05)。结论:多目标追踪任务下的运动疲劳会引起足球运动员落地缓冲动作发生不利的下肢生物力学变化;随着疲劳程度的加深,足球运动员的着地模式由“软”变“硬”,可增大非接触性ACL损伤风险。Objective:The 3D-MOT task was used to simulate the dynamic tracking tasks in the real games to explore the gradual change of lower extremity biomechanics and its influence on non-contact anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury in the process of fatigue development of football players.Methods:By using Vicon motion capture system and three-dimensional force platform,the lower extremity biomechanical parameters of 15 football players were collected synchronously under the condition of multiple-object tracking tasks,under the condition of non fatigue,medium fatigue and serious fatigue,and the parameters were compared by inverse dy-namics with visual 3D software.Results:1)Compared with non-fatigue state,the knee flexion angle and ankle plantar flexion angle increased,and knee internal rotation angle and the time for the first peak of vertical ground reaction reduced in medium fatigue.During the serious fatigue,the hip flexion angle,the knee valgus angle and hip extension moment increased,and vertical di-rection,medial-lateral direction as well as anterior-posterior direction ground reaction force in-creased significantly(P<0.05);2)compared with medium fatigue,hip flexion angle,knee flex-ion angle and knee extension moment decreased,and knee valgus angle and knee adduction mo-ment increased significantly(P<0.05)during serious fatigue.Conclusion:Fatigue under multi-pleobject tracking tasks will cause adverse lower limb biomechanical changes in landing buffer action of football players,and with the development of fatigue,the landing mode of football players changes from“soft”to“hard”,which can increase the risk of non-contact ACL injury.

关 键 词：疲劳 多目标追踪 足球运动员 前交叉韧带损伤 生物力学 

分 类 号：G843[文化科学—体育训练]