青少年体力活动水平的日间变异性  

Diurnal variation of adolescents'physical activity

作　　者：闫文菁 李红娟[1] YAN Wenjing;LI Hongjuan(School of Sports Science/Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness,Beijing Sport University,Beijing(100084),China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动人体科学院/运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [2]山西师范大学体育学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第4期507-509,513,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度重点课题项目(BEAA19045)。

摘　　要：目的分析青少年中高强度体力活动(moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,MVPA)和静坐时间的日间变异程度,为探究影响青少年体力活动日常变异特征的可能因素和适宜的干预对策提供参考。方法选择北京市首都师范大学附属回龙观育新学校初、高中学生148名,连续佩戴一周ActiGraph GT3X+型号加速度计,记录学生日常MVPA和静坐时间,并测量学生的身高和体重。结果青少年上学日的MVPA[(49.39±30.36)min/d]高于周末日[(34.24±30.30)min/d](t=6.61,P<0.05),男生上学日和周末日MVPA均高于女生(t值分别为4.42,2.18,P值均<0.05);上学日和周末日静坐时间分别为(566.48±156.84)和(588.55±152.93)min/d,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.21,P>0.05);男生静坐时间均低于女生(t值分别为-8.20,-2.51,P值均<0.05);青少年MVPA的变异系数上学日(0.39±0.17)低于周末日(0.59±0.46),差异有统计学意义(t=-3.23,P<0.01),静坐时间的变异系数上学日(0.17±0.08)与周末日(0.15±0.13)差异无统计学意义(t=1.10,P>0.05)。青少年一周内MVPA的变异系数(0.52±0.18)高于静坐的变异系数(0.18±0.07)(t=14.43,P<0.01)。结论上学日青少年体力活动水平较高,周末日体力活动不足情况更明显;一周内MVPA时间变异程度较高,尤其周末日;静坐时间稳定处于较高水平。除学校采取积极措施增加青少年体力活动外,加强对女生、周末日的干预对增加青少年体力活动水平尤为重要。Objective To analyze diurnal variation of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)and sedentary time among adolescents,to further explore the possible factors associated with diurnal variation of adolescents'physical activity and to provide reference for appropriate intervention strategies.Methods A total of 148 middle school and high school students in Beijing were assessed for daily MVPA and sedentary time by wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3X three-axis accelerometers for one week.Height and weight were measured.Results The MVPA[(49.39±30.36)min/d]on weekdays was higher than that on weekends[(34.24±30.30)min/d](t=6.61,P<0.05).The MVPA of boys on weekdays and weekends was higher than that of girls(t=4.42,2.18,P<0.05).The sedentary time on weekdays and weekends was(566.48±156.84)and(588.55±152.93)min/d,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(t=-0.21,P>0.05).The sedentary time of boys was lower than that of girls(t=-8.20,-2.51,P<0.05).The coefficient of variation of adolescent MVPA was lower on weekdays(0.39±0.17)than on weekends(0.59±0.46),and the difference was statistically significant(t=-3.23,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the coefficient of variation between weekdays(0.17±0.08)and weekends(0.15±0.13)(t=1.10,P>0.05).The coefficient of variation(0.52±0.18)of MVPA in adolescents was higher than that of sitting(0.18±0.07)(t=14.43,P<0.01).Conclusion Adolescents have higher level of physical activity on weekdays,and high level of physical inactivity on weekends.MVPA time variation is higher within a week,especially on weekends,sedentary time is steadily at a high level.The finding suggests that in addition to the active measures taken by schools to increase the physical activity of students,interventions for girls and weekends are particularly important to increase the overall level of physical activity for adolescents.

关 键 词：运动活动 健康教育 闲暇活动 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G806[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]