南阳市12~18岁学生颈椎活动度的年龄变化特点及与颈椎病的关系  

Age-related changes in cervical range of motion and its relationship with cervical spondylosis in school students aged 12-18 in Nanyang City

作　　者：王卿[1] 徐国昌[2] 徐飞[3] 刘荣志[1] 尹金鹏[1] 黄燕燕[1] WANG Qing;XU Guochang;XU Fei;LIU Rongzhi;YIN Jinpeng;HUANG Yanyan(Department of Anatomy,Nanyang Medical College,Nanyang(473000),Henan Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南阳医学高等专科学校解剖教研室,河南473000 [2]南阳理工学院人类学研究所 [3]大连医科大学解剖学教研室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第4期594-597,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22B310008);国家自然科学基金项目(31271285)。

摘　　要：目的了解南阳市12~18岁在校学生颈椎活动度(cervical range of motion,CROM)的年龄变化特点及与颈椎病的关系,为青少年颈椎病的预防、早期诊断及治疗效果的评估提供参考。方法在南阳市采用分层随机整群抽样方法,使用Coda Motion运动分析仪检测890名12~18岁学生的CROM,用SPSS 19.0对数据进行处理。结果南阳市12~18岁男女生CROM总体呈下降趋势。15和18岁组男生颈椎前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右侧屈、左旋和右旋活动度与前一年龄组相比差异均有统计学意义(t_(前屈)值分别为2.02,2.70;t_(后伸)值分别2.01,2.81;t_(左侧屈)值分别为3.51,2.99;t_(右侧屈)值分别为5.07,2.66;t_(左旋)值分别为2.28,2.92;t_(右旋)值分别为2.91,3.60,P值均<0.05);15和18岁组女生与前一年龄组相比差异均有统计学意义(t_(前屈)值分别为2.38,2.20;t_(后伸)值分别2.09,2.02;t_(左侧屈)值分别为2.33,2.55;t_(右侧屈)值分别为7.34,4.60;t_(左旋)值分别为3.73,2.35;t_(右旋)值分别为2.31,3.99,P值均<0.05);除右侧屈外,同年龄组男生CROM均大于女生。颈椎病检出率总体呈增高趋势(男生:χ^(2)_(趋势)=13.93,女生:χ^(2)_(趋势)=12.87,P值均<0.05)。除14岁外,其他年龄段女生颈椎病检出率均高于男性,15和17岁年龄组性别差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为10.35,9.64,P值均<0.05)。结论随年龄增长,男女生的CROM整体呈下降趋势,且CROM越小,颈椎病发生率越高。CROM的测量有利于青少年颈椎病的预防、早期诊断及治疗效果。Objective To investigate the age-related changes in cervical range of motion(CROM)and its relationship with cervical spondylosis in school students aged 12-18 in Nanyang City,to provide reference for prevention,early diagnosis and treatment evaluation of cervical spondylosis.Methods Stratified sampling was adopted in 13 counties and districts of Nanyang City and 890 students aged 12-18 were assessed for CROM using the Coda Motion Analyzer.SPSS 19.0 was used to data analyze.Results A decreasing trend was observed in CROM among boys and girls aged 12-18 years in Nanyang.For boys aged 15 and 18 years old,higher anterior flexion(t=2.02,2.70),posterior extension(t=2.01,2.81),left flexion(t=3.51,2.99),right flexion(t=5.07,2.66),sinistral(t=2.28,2.92)and dextral(t=2.91,3.60)were found compared with younger age groups(P<0.05).Similar findings were found in girls aged 15-and 18-years old[anterior flexion(t=2.38,2.20),posterior extension(t=2.09,2.02),left flexion(t=2.33,2.55),right flexion(t=7.34,4.60),sinistral(t=3.73,2.35)and dextral(t=2.31,3.99,P<0.05).Except for the right flexion,the CROM of boys in was higher than that of girls at the same age group.The prevalence of cervical spondylosis showed an increasing trend(boys:χ^(2)_(trend)=13.93,girls:χ^(2)_(trend)=12.87,P<0.05).Except for 14-year-old group,the prevalence of cervical spondylosis in girls was higher than that in boys,with significant differences observed in 15-and 17-year-old groups(χ^(2)=10.35,9.64,P<0.05).Conclusion With the increase of age,the CROM of male and female students shows a downward trend in general.The prevalence of cervical spondylosis increases with the decrease of CROM.CROM measurement is conducive to the prevention,early diagnosis and treatment of juvenile cervical spondylosis.

关 键 词：颈椎 年龄分布 疾病 生长和发育 学生 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] R179[文化科学—教育技术学]