贵州省2015—2020年儿童马桑果中毒事件监测分析  

Poisoning caused by Coriaria sinica maxim among children in Guizhou Province during 2015 to 2020

作　　者：朱姝[1] 王娅芳[1] 刘琳[1] 张黎黎 田继贵 杨琪 周亚娟[1] ZHU Shu;WANG Yafang;LIU Lin;ZHANG Lili;TIAN Jigui;YANG Qi;ZHOU Yajuan(Institute of public health monitoring and evaluation,Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang(550000),China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测评价研究所,贵阳550000

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第4期607-609,613,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：贵州省疾病预防控制中心人才团队项目(RCJD2105)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省2015—2020年马桑果中毒事件发生情况及流行病学特征,为预防马桑果中毒提供科学依据。方法对“食源性疾病暴发监测”系统报告的贵州省2015—2020年的马桑果中毒事件进行汇总统计分析。结果贵州省2015—2020年马桑果中毒事件共报告176起,中毒505人,均为16岁以下儿童,无死亡病例。报告最多的是2020年,报告事件数97起,中毒人数292人;中毒事件报告在马桑果成熟期4—6月,5月报告最多,报告事件数153起,中毒437人;报告数最多的前3位市(州)为毕节市、安顺市和遵义市,报告事件数分别为57,27,27起,中毒人数分别为160,90,73人;中毒主要为农村儿童在野外误采误食;潜伏期中值2 h,临床症状以呕吐(93.66%)、恶心(58.02%)、腹痛为主(38.42%)。结论农村儿童误采误食是马桑果中毒的主要原因。应加强对儿童,特别是农村儿童的宣传教育,以降低马桑果中毒事件的发生。Objective To analyze the occurrence and epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning caused by Coriaria sinica maxdim in Guizhou Province during 2015 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for prevention of Coriaria sinica maxim poisoning.Methods A total of 176 cases of Coriaria sinica maxim poisoning were reported in Guizhou Province during 2015 to 2020,with all of the 505 affected were children and adolescents under 16 years old.No death was reported.Poisoning caused by Coriaria sinica maxim was most commonly reported in the year of 2020,with 97 reported incidents and 292 poisonings.Poisoning incidents were most freqently reported in the mature stage of Coriariasinica fruit during April to June,with 153 cases and 437 poisoning cases reported in May.The top three areas reporting Coriaria sinica maxim poisoning included Bijie,Anshun and Zunyi City,with the number of reported eventws being 57,27,and 27,and poisoned children and adolescents of 160,90,and 73.Most of the affected children were from rural areas.The median incubation period was 2 hours,and the primary clinical symptoms included vomiting(93.66%),nausea(58.02%)and abdominal pain(38.42%).Conclusion A large number of Coriaria sinica maxim poisoning incidents occur due to unsupervised access to Coriaria sinica maxim among rural children.The publicity and education of children,especially for rural left-behind children,should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of Coriaria sinica maxim poisoning.

关 键 词：植物中毒 流行病学研究 人群监测 儿童 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]