低鱼粉饲料中添加苏氨酸对三倍体虹鳟抗氧化能力、消化生理及肠道炎症因子基因表达的影响  

DIETARY THREONINE IN LOW FISH MEAL DIET ON ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY,DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY AND INTESTINAL INFLAMMATORY FACTOR GENE EXPRESSION OF TRIPLOID ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS

作　　者：王亚玲 王常安[1] 刘红柏[1] 韩世成[1] 陆绍霞 张颖[1] WANG Ya-Ling;WANG Chang-An;LIU Hong-Bai;HAN Shi-Cheng;LU Shao-Xia;ZHANG Yin(Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2022年第4期478-487,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中央级科研院所基本科研业务费(HSY202202M);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-46);黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(YQ2019C036)资助。

摘　　要：研究低鱼粉饲料中不同水平苏氨酸对三倍体虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)生长、抗氧化能力、消化生理及肠道炎症因子基因表达的影响,以初始体质量(18.42±0.20)g的三倍体虹鳟为研究对象,在室内200 L流水水族箱中进行摄食生长试验56d。在基础饲料中添加L-苏氨酸,配制苏氨酸水平分别为0.45%(对照)、0.76%、1.09%、1.29%和1.64%的5种等氮等能饲料。将450尾三倍体虹鳟随机分为5组,每组处理3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。结果表明,当添加量为1.09%、1.29%和1.64%时,血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力显著提高,同时显著降低了丙二醛(MDA)的含量(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)在1.29%组含量最高,相比对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。在饲料中添加苏氨酸(0.76%-1.64%)时,肠道脂肪酶(LPS)和胰蛋白酶的消化酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但随着饲料苏氨酸水平达到1.64%时,消化酶活性有所降低。1.09%和1.65%组的肠道组织形态最佳,绒毛发达,排列整齐,无融合和脱落现象。苏氨酸水平对肠道炎症因子IL-2、IL-8、IL-10、IgM、TNF-α和PepT1都有显著影响(P<0.05),随着苏氨酸水平的增加,IL-2、IgM和PepT1呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,在1.29%和1.09%组的表达量达到最高;IL-8呈逐渐升高趋势;而IL-10和TNF-α呈下降的变化趋势。研究结果表明,在低鱼粉饲料(15%)中添加适量水平的苏氨酸,对提高三倍体虹鳟幼鱼生长、消化酶活性、促进肠道形态结构发育和增强免疫具有积极的作用。To study the effects of threonine in low fish meal diet on growth,antioxidant capacity,digestive physiology,and intestinal inflammatory cytokines gene expression of triploid Oncorhynchus mykiss,five isonitrogenous and isoe nergetic diets containing 0.45%(control),0.76%,1.09%,1.29%and 1.64%threonine were formulated by adding L-threonine in the basal diet to feed fish with an initial body weight of(18.42±0.20)g for a 56-days trial.A total of 450 triutploid rainbow were randomly divided into 5 groups with triplicate groups of 30 fish each.Threonine at 1.09%,1.29%and 1.64%level significantly increased serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and and significantly decreased the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)(P<0.05).The highest activity of catalase(CAT)was in the 1.29%group,which was significantly different from that in control group(P<0.05).The digestive enzyme activities of intestinal lipase(LPS)and trypsin in diets supplemented with threonine level(0.76%—1.64%)were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05)except threonine level at 1.64%in the activities of digestive enzymes.The intestinal morphology of 1.09%and 1.64%groups were well-developed in villi,orderly arrangement,and no fusion and shedding.The threonine levels had significant effects on IL-2,IL-8,IL-10,IgM,TNF-αand PepT1(P<0.05).With the increase of threonine level,IL-2,IgM and PepT1 showed a trend of increase first and then decrease,and the expression levels of IL-2,IgM and PepT1 reached the highest level in 1.29%and 1.09%groups.IL-8 showed a gradually increasing trend.IL-10 and TNF-αshowed a decrease trend.The low fish meal diet(15%)supplemented with appropriate level of threonine improves the growth,digestive enzyme activity,intestinal morphology and structure development and immune enhancement of juvenile triploid Oncorhynchus mykiss.

关 键 词：低鱼粉饲料 苏氨酸 免疫 肠道组织结构 消化酶活性 炎症因子 三倍体虹鳟 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]