环境流量评估法-结构单元法的工作框架和内涵  

Working Framework and Connotation of Building Block Methodology for Environmental Flow Assessment

作　　者：丁伟 兰林 苗令占 黄喻威 苏永涛 邵宁子 侯俊[3] DING Wei;LAN Lin;MIAO Lingzhan;HUANG Yuwei;SU Yongtao;SHAO Ningzi;HOU Jun(Hefei Water Supply Group,Hefei 230011,China;Water Resource Engineering Planning Office of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210029,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥供水集团,安徽合肥230011 [2]江苏省水利工程规划办公室,江苏南京210029 [3]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第5期83-90,共8页Pearl River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401709);国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目(51722902)。

摘　　要：为了弥补中国现有环境流量评估方法仅将重点放在特定目标物种上的不足,详细介绍了一种用于评估环境流量的整体法——结构单元法(Building Block Methodology,BBM)。该方法依照科学基础和实际需要将整个研究区域的研究对象和影响因素准确划分为不同“块”,然后探寻各个不同影响因素的“块”与每一个研究对象之间关系,最后对整个研究区域拟定一个合理的环境流量方案。其工作步骤主要分为3个部分:①研讨会前收集基础资料;②研讨会期间各学科专家对自己收集的资料进行相应的解释、讨论,最终就推荐的环境流量达成共识;③研讨会后生成流量修改的方案,并制定监测计划。并结合印度的Sri Ram Sagar水库和挪威的Daleeleva河的应用实例分析了该方法的特点和存在的不足之处。该方法能更好地保证环境流量确定过程中河流生态价值和服务价值,为其在中国的应用提供借鉴。The existing method for environmental flow assessment in China only focuses on specific target species.Considering this deficiency,a holistic approach,i.e.,building block methodology(BBM),is elaborately introduced for evaluating environmental flow.According to the scientific basis and actual needs,this method accurately divides the research objects and influencing factors in the whole study area into different“blocks”and then explores the relationship between each“block”of influencing factors and each research object.Finally,a reasonable environmental flow scheme is drawn up for the whole study area.Its working steps are mainly divided into three parts:Before the seminar,experts collect the basic data;during the seminar,experts from various disciplines explain the collected data and reach a consensus on the recommended environmental flow;after the seminar,they develop the flow modification scheme and the monitoring plan.With the application examples of Sri Ram Sagar Reservoir in India and Daleeleva River in Norway,we analyze the characteristics and shortcomings of this method.It is revealed that this method can better ensure the ecological value and service value of rivers in the process of determining environmental flow and can provide a reference for its application in China.

关 键 词：环境流量 整体法 研讨会 工作框架 响应关系 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]