视网膜神经节细胞的分类和功能研究进展  

Research advances in classifications and functions of retinal ganglion cells

作　　者：顾钰香 陈敏 王凯军[1] Gu Yuxiang;Chen Min;Wang Kaijun(Eye Center,Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310009,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院眼科中心,杭州310009

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2022年第5期390-395,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LY19H120006)。

摘　　要：视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)是视觉通路中最重要的一类神经细胞,其轴突组成的视神经是视觉信号传递到大脑的唯一通路,对RGC的形态学特性、基因表达特性、空间分布特性以及功能特性进行研究具有重要意义。本文汇总相关研究进展,对RGC的分类、目前已明确的RGC类型以及不同损伤下不同类型RGC的损伤特点进行综述,为全面了解RGC的生理学、病理学特征和视神经损伤相关疾病提供参考。Retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)are the most important type of neurons in the visual pathway.RGC axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve,which connects with the brain.The visual signals carried by RGC axons establish the only link between the outside world and our internal perception of sight.Researches on the morphological,physiological,molecular,and mosaic features of RGCs are of great significance.This article reviews the research advances of RGC classifications,definitive types of RGCs,and selective vulnerability of specific RGC types after various injuries.

关 键 词：视网膜神经节细胞 树突 视通路 视神经损伤 青光眼 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]