叶面锌肥对紫粒小麦产量及品质的影响  

Effect of Foliar Spraying Zinc Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Purple-Grained Wheat

作　　者：税杨 夏清[1] 陈杰 高志强[1] 李晋 刘振华 李军辉 杨珍平[1] SHUI Yang;XIA Qing;CHEN Jie;GAO Zhiqiang;LI Jin;LIU Zhenhua;LI Junhui;YANG Zhenping(Agricultural college,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2022年第4期465-472,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：山西省特色小麦产业技术创新战略联盟项目(202017);山西省“1331工程”黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新项目(202039);山西农谷建设科研专项(SXNGJSKYZX 201701);山西省重点研发计划专项(201703D211001-02)。

摘　　要：为明确叶面施锌肥对紫粒小麦产量及品质的影响,选用小麦山农紫(紫粒)和山农129(红粒)为试验材料,采用大田试验,设置不施锌肥(Zn_(0),对照)、叶面喷施锌肥10 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(10))、20 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(20))、30 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(30))、40 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(40))5个处理,分析了不同施锌量下紫粒小麦产量和品质相关指标的异同。结果表明,与不施锌肥比较,叶面施锌肥后山农129和山农紫分别增产1.4%~4.7%和2.3%~5.2%;随着施锌量的增加,山农129和山农紫的籽粒锌含量、总蛋白含量及蛋白质产量均表现出先增后降的趋势,分别在Zn_(30)和Zn_(20)处理下达到最高值,比Zn_(0)分别提高25.8%、1.2%、16.8%和44.1%、2.1%、20.1%。两品种叶面施锌肥较其对照显著提高了籽粒蔗糖含量、湿面筋含量、面筋指数(P<0.05),但总淀粉和可溶性糖含量无显著性差异;总体上,山农紫小麦增幅大于山农129。综上所述,本试验条件下,叶面喷施锌肥可提高紫粒小麦产量、锌含量以及营养品质,以喷施锌肥20 kg·hm^(-2)较佳。A field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of foliar spraying zinc(Zn)fertilizer on the yield and quality of purple-grained wheat.Two wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)cultivars,Shannongzi(purple grain)and Shannong 129(red grain),were selected as materials.Five Zn levels were arranged as follows:0 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(0),control),10 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(10)),20 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(20)),30 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(30))and 40 kg·hm^(-2)(Zn_(40)).The results showed that compared with Zn_(0),foliar spraying Zn fertilizer treatments increased the yield of Shannong 129 and Shannongzi by 1.4%-4.7%and 2.3%-5.2%,respectively.The contents of Zn,total protein and protein yield in grains increased first and then decreased with the increase of Zn fertilizer concentration,reaching the maximum under Zn_(30) and Zn_(20),respectively,which were 25.8%,1.2%,16.8%higher and 44.1%,2.1%,20.1%higher than those under Zn0,respectively.In addition,foliar spraying Zn fertilizer applications significantly increased the contents of sucrose,wet gluten and gluten index in grains of the two wheat cultivars(P<0.05),but no significant difference in the contents of total starch and soluble sugar was detected.As a whole,the yield and quality of Shannongzi were better than those of Shannong 129 under different Zn levels.Based on these factors such as yield,grain Zn concentration and quality,foliar spraying Zn fertilizer applications promoted purple-grained wheat growth,and increased its yield,Zn concentration and nutritional quality in grains.20 kg·hm^(-2) of Zn concentration was recommended to be the best for Shannongzi in our study.

关 键 词：紫粒小麦 叶面施锌 产量 营养品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311