母亲管教方式对儿童行为的影响研究——基于10692位母亲的实证分析  

Study on the Influence of Maternal Discipline on Children’s Behavior:Based on the Questionnaire of 10692 Mothers

作　　者：陈云凡 CHEN Yun-fan(College of Marxism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan,410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学马克思主义学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《西北人口》2022年第3期119-126,共8页Northwest Population Journal

基　　金：湖南省妇女研究会一般项目“婚姻家庭纠纷预防与化解机制研究”(201811)研究成果。

摘　　要：为探究母亲管教方式与儿童行为的关联,采取配额与整群抽样结合方法,在湖南省有效收集了10692份调查问卷。以母亲不当管教方式为自变量,儿童行为问题为因变量,建立二元Logistic回归模型。分析表明:遭受母亲多种不当管教方式的儿童,其行为问题发生概率明显增大。与没有遭受任何不当管教方式相比,遭受4类不当管教方式的儿童,其情绪问题发生概率约为7倍。母亲户口为城镇籍的儿童发生情绪问题与亲社会问题概率更高;母亲户口为农村籍的儿童发生品行问题、多动问题和同伴交流问题概率更高。情感温暖、尊重和相信儿童等支持措施对儿童健康成长具有显著促进作用。因此,母亲管教方式会对儿童行为产生显著累积影响。不当管教方式容易强化儿童行为偏差,并转化成儿童的交流符号。当前母亲凭自身经验已经不能完全解决儿童成长过程中的教育问题,需通过不断学习,促其向强调支持性、重视子女情绪管理以及学会倾听的新型母职角色转变。建议提升母亲的教育素养,更新其教育观念与方法,引导其树立“关系大于教育”的理念。In order to explore the relationship between maternal discipline and children’s behavior,10692 question⁃naires were collected in Hunan Province by using the method of quota and cluster sampling.Taking the mother’s im⁃proper discipline as the independent variable and children’s behavior problems as the dependent variable,a binary lo⁃gistic regression model was established.The results show that the probability of behavioral problems among children who suffer from various unhealthy ways of parenting by their mothers also increases sharply.Compared with the chil⁃dren who did not suffer from any bad way of discipline,the children who suffered from four kinds of bad ways of disci⁃pline are about 7 times more likely to have emotional problems.The probability of emotional problems and prosocial problems are higher for children with their mother has urban household registration;the probability of moral problems,hyperactivity problems and peer communication problems is higher for children with their mother has rural household registration.Support measures such as emotional warmth,respect and trust have a significant impact on children’s healthy growth.Therefore,maternal discipline will have a significant cumulative impact on children’s behavior.Improp⁃er discipline is easy to strengthen children’s behavior deviation and turn into children’s communication symbols.At present,mothers can not completely solve the educational problems in the process of children’s growth based on their own experience.They need to promote their transformation to a new parental role that emphasizes support,attaches im⁃portance to children’s emotional management and learns to listen by continuous learning.It is suggested to improve mothers’educational literacy,update their educational concepts and methods,and guide them to establish the concept of“relationship is greater than education”.

关 键 词：母亲 管教方式 行为问题 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]