我国书证提出命令制度构造的反思与调整  

Reflection and Adjustment of the System Structure of Order of Documentary Evidence in China

作　　者：包冰锋[1] BAO Bing-feng(School of Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期110-120,共11页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：重庆市教委人文社科研究一般项目“区块链技术的司法适用与民事证据法的革新”(20SKGH011)。

摘　　要：为了回应社会发展和司法实践的新需求,最高人民法院于2019年对实施了近18年的《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》作了全面的修改,其中一大亮点便是书证提出命令制度。证据新规在原先司法解释的基础上,针对书证提出命令的申请条件、审查程序、书证提出义务范围以及不服从书证提出命令的法律后果等方面,作了进一步的细化和补充。在承认证据新规显有进步的同时,有必要对现行书证提出命令制度中存在的问题进行检视。基于对现行制度的分析和反思,可以从增列法律关系书证、对案外人课以书证提出义务、缓和书证特定义务以及设立书证提出拒绝权等维度对我国目前的书证提出命令制度作出适当调整,以此有效均衡当事人之间的举证能力并有助于案件事实的解明。In response to the new demands of social development and judicial practice,the Supreme People’s Court made a comprehensive revision of "the Several Provisions on Evidence in Civil Procedures" in 2019 that had been implemented for nearly 18 years. One of the highlights was the order of documentary evidence. Based on the original judicial interpretation,the new regulations on evidence had further refined and supplemented the application conditions and review procedures of the order of documentary evidence,the duty scope of producing documentary evidence,and the legal consequences of disobeying the order of documentary evidence. While it acknowledges that the new rules of evidence had shown progress,it is necessary to examine the problems existing in the current system of the order of documentary evidence. Based on the analysis and reflection of the current system,we can make appropriate adjustments to our country’s current system of the order of documentary evidence from such dimensions as the addition of documentary evidence on legal relations,the duty of producing documentary evidence to persons outside the case,the relaxation of duty of specifying documentary evidence,and the establishment of the right of refusal of producing documentary evidence,which can effectively balance the ability of proof between the parties and help clarify the facts of the case.

关 键 词：书证提出命令 书证提出义务 书证特定义务 书证提出拒绝权 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]