基于光子能量测定的普朗克常数直接测量法  

Direct Measurement Method of Planck Constant Based on Photon Energy Measurement

作　　者：李玉芬 和穗荣 韦联福 LI Yu-fen;HE Sui-rong;WEI Lian-fu(School of Information Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《计量学报》2022年第4期445-451,共7页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11974290)。

摘　　要：普朗克常数是物理学中的最小作用量子,是区分经典物理和量子物理的重要标志。因此,这一基本物理常数的精确测量,不管是对物质世界本源的理解、各种量子效应的实验观测,还是质量单位的重新定义都非常重要。普朗克常数的精密测量经历了120多年的发展历史,建立了多种间接或直接的测量方法,直到2019年才给出其精确值。但相对于时间(或频率)的精确值,普朗克常数的测量精度仍有很大的提升空间。作为传统光电效应法间接测量普朗克常数的一种新发展,基于液氦上表面电子态光致电离技术,通过饱和光电流平台测量及光子数可分辨光子探测,提出了一种实现普朗克常数的直接测量方法。结合实验室现有的微纳器件加工工艺平台和极低温弱信号检测实验平台,对这一方法现实的可行性进行了论证。Planck s constant is the smallest acting quantum in physics.It is a mark to distinguish classical physics from quantum phenomena.Therefore,the accurate measurement of such a basic physical constant is very important,not only to understand the origin of the material world,the experimental observation of various quantum effects,but also for the establishment of the physical measurement benchmark of mass units.The precise measurements of Planck constant have demonstrated for more than 120 years,by various indirect and direct methods.Although its exact value was given in 2019,the accuracy of its measurement value is still not enough,specifically compared to that of the time and frequency measurements.As a new development of the indirect measurement of Planck s constant by the traditional photoelectric effect method,a direct measurement method of Planck s constant is proposed by using the photon-induced ionization of electrons on liquid helium.The saturated photocurrent platforms could be measured by using the photon number resolution detectors for the different intensity lasers.The feasibility of the method could be achieved by using the existing micro/nano technique to fabricate the devices,which will be measured in a low temperature weak signal detection system.

关 键 词：计量学 普朗克常数 光电效应 光子能量法 液氦上电子 光致电离 

分 类 号：TB9[一般工业技术—计量学]